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Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 2/2022

Open Access 01-03-2022 | Original Contribution

FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high linoleic acid diet modify plasma PUFA phospholipids in a dietary intervention study

Authors: Topi Meuronen, Maria A. Lankinen, Olli Kärkkäinen, Markku Laakso, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Kati Hanhineva, Ursula Schwab

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2022

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Abstract

Introduction

Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene encodes for delta-5 desaturase enzyme which is needed in conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA). Recent studies have shown that response to dietary PUFAs differs between the genotypes in circulating fatty acids. However, interactions between the FADS1 genotype and dietary LA on overall metabolism have not been studied.

Objectives

We aimed to examine the interactions of FADS1 rs174550 genotypes (TT and CC) and high-LA diet to identify plasma metabolites that respond differentially to dietary LA according to the FADS1 genotype.

Methods

A total of 59 men (TT n = 26, CC n = 33) consumed a sunflower oil supplemented diet for 4 weeks. Daily dose of 30, 40, or 50 ml was calculated based on body mass index. It resulted in 17–28 g of LA on top of the usual daily intake. Fasting plasma samples at the beginning and at the end of the intervention were analyzed with LC–MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics method.

Results

At the baseline, the carriers of FADS1 rs174550-TT genotype had higher abundance of long-chain PUFA phospholipids compared to the FADS1 rs174550-CC one. In response to the high-LA diet, LA phospholipids and long-chain acylcarnitines increased and lysophospholipids decreased in fasting plasma similarly in both genotypes. LysoPE (20:4), LysoPC (20:4), and PC (16:0_20:4) decreased and cortisol increased in the carriers of rs174550-CC genotype; however, these genotype–diet interactions were not significant after correction for multiple testing.

Conclusion

Our findings show that both FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high-LA diet modify plasma phospholipid composition.

Trial registration

The study was registered to ClinicalTrials: NCT02543216, September 7, 2015 (retrospectively registered).
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high linoleic acid diet modify plasma PUFA phospholipids in a dietary intervention study
Authors
Topi Meuronen
Maria A. Lankinen
Olli Kärkkäinen
Markku Laakso
Jussi Pihlajamäki
Kati Hanhineva
Ursula Schwab
Publication date
01-03-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02722-w

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Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

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Prof. Kevin Dolgin
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