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Open Access 01-03-2022 | Peripheral Arterial Disease | Original Contribution

Magnesium intake and vascular structure and function: the Hoorn Study

Authors: Emma A. Vermeulen, Hanne B. T. de Jong, Alexander G. A. Blomjous, Coby Eelderink, Tiny Hoekstra, Petra J. M. Elders, Martin H. de Borst, Marc G. Vervloet, Adriana J. van Ballegooijen, Joline W. Beulens

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Circulating and dietary magnesium have been shown to be inversely associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in both high and low-risk populations. We aimed to examine the association between dietary magnesium intake and several measures of vascular structure and function in a prospective cohort.

Methods

We included 789 participants who participated in the vascular screening sub-cohort of the Hoorn Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study. Baseline dietary magnesium intake was estimated with a validated food frequency questionnaire and categorised in energy-adjusted magnesium intake tertiles. Several measurements of vascular structure and function were performed at baseline and most measurements were repeated after 8 years of follow-up (n = 432). Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to study the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of magnesium intake and intima-media thickness (IMT), augmentation index (Aix), pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Results

Mean absolute magnesium intake was 328 ± 83 mg/day and prior CVD and DM2 was present in 55 and 41% of the participants, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses did not demonstrate associations between magnesium intake and any of the vascular outcomes. Participants in the highest compared to the lowest magnesium intake tertile demonstrated in fully adjusted cross-sectional analyses a PWV of −0.21 m/s (95% confidence interval −1.95, 1.52), a FMD of −0.03% (−0.89, 0.83) and in longitudinal analyses an IMT of 0.01 mm (−0.03, 0.06), an Aix of 0.70% (−1.69, 3.07) and an odds ratio of 0.84 (0.23, 3.11) for PAD

Conclusion

We did not find associations between dietary magnesium intake and multiple markers of vascular structure and function, in either cross-sectional or longitudinal analyses.

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Title: Magnesium intake and vascular structure and function: the Hoorn Study
Authors: Emma A. Vermeulen
Hanne B. T. de Jong
Alexander G. A. Blomjous
Coby Eelderink
Tiny Hoekstra
Petra J. M. Elders
Martin H. de Borst
Marc G. Vervloet
Adriana J. van Ballegooijen
Joline W. Beulens
Publication date: 01-03-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Peripheral Arterial Disease
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02667-0

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