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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

EMT and stemness: flexible processes tuned by alternative splicing in development and cancer progression

Authors: Davide Pradella, Chiara Naro, Claudio Sette, Claudia Ghigna

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with metastasis formation as well as with generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. In this way, EMT contributes to tumor invasion, heterogeneity and chemoresistance. Morphological and functional changes involved in these processes require robust reprogramming of gene expression, which is only partially accomplished at the transcriptional level. Alternative splicing is another essential layer of gene expression regulation that expands the cell proteome. This step in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression tightly controls cell identity between epithelial and mesenchymal states and during stem cell differentiation. Importantly, dysregulation of splicing factor function and cancer-specific splicing isoform expression frequently occurs in human tumors, suggesting the importance of alternative splicing regulation for cancer biology.
In this review, we briefly discuss the role of EMT programs in development, stem cell differentiation and cancer progression. Next, we focus on selected examples of key factors involved in EMT and stem cell differentiation that are regulated post-transcriptionally through alternative splicing mechanisms. Lastly, we describe relevant oncogenic splice-variants that directly orchestrate cancer stem cell biology and tumor EMT, which may be envisioned as novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Metadata
Title
EMT and stemness: flexible processes tuned by alternative splicing in development and cancer progression
Authors
Davide Pradella
Chiara Naro
Claudio Sette
Claudia Ghigna
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-016-0579-2

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