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Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology
Published in: Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 4/2022

19-09-2022 | Diffuse Axonal Injury | Review

Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies

Authors: Qianling Chen, Xuebing Chen, Luyao Xu, Rui Zhang, Zhigang Li, Xia Yue, Dongfang Qiao

Published in: Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology | Issue 4/2022

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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has high morbidity and poor prognosis and imposes a serious socioeconomic burden. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), which is one of the common pathological changes in the primary injury of TBI, is often caused by the external force to the head that causes the white matter bundles to generate shear stress and tension; resulting in tissue damage and leading to the cytoskeletal disorder. At present, the forensic pathological diagnosis of TAI-caused death is still a difficult problem. Most of the TAI biomarkers studied are used for the prediction, evaluation, and prognosis of TAI in the living state. The research subjects are mainly humans in the living state or model animals, which are not suitable for the postmortem diagnosis of TAI. In addition, there is still a lack of recognized indicators for the autopsy pathological diagnosis of TAI. Different diagnostic methods and markers have their limitations, and there is a lack of systematic research and summary of autopsy diagnostic markers of TAI. Therefore, this study mainly summarizes the pathological mechanism, common methods, techniques of postmortem diagnosis, and corresponding biomarkers of TAI, and puts forward the strategies for postmortem diagnosis of TAI for forensic cases with different survival times, which is of great significance to forensic pathological diagnosis.
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Metadata
Title
Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies
Authors
Qianling Chen
Xuebing Chen
Luyao Xu
Rui Zhang
Zhigang Li
Xia Yue
Dongfang Qiao
Publication date
19-09-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology / Issue 4/2022
Print ISSN: 1547-769X
Electronic ISSN: 1556-2891
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-022-00522-0

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