Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Urology Reports 1/2019

01-01-2019 | Computed Tomography | Kidney Diseases (G Ciancio, Section Editor)

Imaging of Unusual Renal Tumors

Authors: R. Patricia Castillo, Juan Francisco Santoscoy, Leonardo Pisani, Beatrice L. Madrazo, V. Javier Casillas

Published in: Current Urology Reports | Issue 1/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Renal masses are a wide entity and a common finding in clinical practice. Detection of these masses has increased in the last years, yet mortality rates have slightly decreased.

Recent Findings

According to the World Health Organization classification, there are 8 types, 51 subtypes, and a lot more subsequent subclassifications of renal tumors. Histopathological analysis should always be assessed for final diagnosis of theses tumors. However, imaging can be an important diagnostic guidance. The most common diagnoses of renal tumor are clear cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, and transitional cell carcinoma. Nonetheless, a considerable variety of particular tumors can arise from the kidney, challenging the expertise of radiologists and urologists on this subject.

Summary

The awareness of these unusual entities is vital for professionals working at a complex medical facility with greater volume of patients. We hereby present uncommon renal tumors and its pathological and radiological features.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Campbell S, Uzzo RG, Allaf ME, Bass EB, Cadeddu JA, Chang A, et al. Renal mass and localized renal cancer: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2017;198(3):520–9.PubMed Campbell S, Uzzo RG, Allaf ME, Bass EB, Cadeddu JA, Chang A, et al. Renal mass and localized renal cancer: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2017;198(3):520–9.PubMed
2.
go back to reference O’Connor SD, Pickhardt PJ, Kim DH, Oliva MR, Silverman SG. Incidental finding of renal masses at unenhanced CT: prevalence and analysis of features for guiding management. Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197(1):139–45. O’Connor SD, Pickhardt PJ, Kim DH, Oliva MR, Silverman SG. Incidental finding of renal masses at unenhanced CT: prevalence and analysis of features for guiding management. Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197(1):139–45.
3.
go back to reference Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM. The 2016 WHO classification of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs—part a: renal, penile, and testicular Tumours. Eur Urol. 2016;70(1):93–105.PubMed Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM. The 2016 WHO classification of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs—part a: renal, penile, and testicular Tumours. Eur Urol. 2016;70(1):93–105.PubMed
4.
go back to reference Kobayashi N, Matsuzaki O, Shirai S, Aoki I, Yao M, Nagashima Y. Collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney: an immunohistochemical evaluation of the use of antibodies for differential diagnosis. Hum Pathol. 2008;39(9):1350–9.PubMed Kobayashi N, Matsuzaki O, Shirai S, Aoki I, Yao M, Nagashima Y. Collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney: an immunohistochemical evaluation of the use of antibodies for differential diagnosis. Hum Pathol. 2008;39(9):1350–9.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Wu J, Zhu Q, Zhu W, Chen W, Wang S. Comparative study of CT appearances in mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. Br J Radiol. 2015;88(1056):20140434.PubMedPubMedCentral Wu J, Zhu Q, Zhu W, Chen W, Wang S. Comparative study of CT appearances in mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. Br J Radiol. 2015;88(1056):20140434.PubMedPubMedCentral
6.
go back to reference Gupta R, Billis A, Shah RB, Moch H, Osunkoya AO, Jochum W, et al. Carcinoma of the collecting ducts of bellini and renal medullary carcinoma: clinicopathologic analysis of 52 cases of rare aggressive subtypes of renal cell carcinoma with a focus on their interrelationship. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012;36(9):1265–78.PubMed Gupta R, Billis A, Shah RB, Moch H, Osunkoya AO, Jochum W, et al. Carcinoma of the collecting ducts of bellini and renal medullary carcinoma: clinicopathologic analysis of 52 cases of rare aggressive subtypes of renal cell carcinoma with a focus on their interrelationship. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012;36(9):1265–78.PubMed
7.
go back to reference Tokuda N, Naito S, Matsuzaki O, Nagashima Y, Ozono S, Igarashi T. Japanese Society of Renal Cancer. Collecting duct (Bellini duct) renal cell carcinoma: a nationwide survey in Japan. J Urol. 2006;176(1):40–3.PubMed Tokuda N, Naito S, Matsuzaki O, Nagashima Y, Ozono S, Igarashi T. Japanese Society of Renal Cancer. Collecting duct (Bellini duct) renal cell carcinoma: a nationwide survey in Japan. J Urol. 2006;176(1):40–3.PubMed
8.
go back to reference Prasad SR, Humphrey PA, Menias CO, Middleton WD, Siegel MJ, Bae KT, et al. Neoplasms of the renal medulla: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2005;25:369–80.PubMed Prasad SR, Humphrey PA, Menias CO, Middleton WD, Siegel MJ, Bae KT, et al. Neoplasms of the renal medulla: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2005;25:369–80.PubMed
9.
go back to reference Prasad SR, Humphrey PA, Catena JR, Narra VR, Srigley JR, Cortez AD, et al. Common and uncommon histologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: imaging spectrum with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2006;26(6):1795–806.PubMed Prasad SR, Humphrey PA, Catena JR, Narra VR, Srigley JR, Cortez AD, et al. Common and uncommon histologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: imaging spectrum with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2006;26(6):1795–806.PubMed
10.
go back to reference Beckermann KE, Sharma D, Chaturvedi S, Msaouel P, Abboud MR, Allory Y, et al. Renal medullary carcinoma: establishing standards in practice. J Oncol Pract. 2017;13(7):414–21.PubMedPubMedCentral Beckermann KE, Sharma D, Chaturvedi S, Msaouel P, Abboud MR, Allory Y, et al. Renal medullary carcinoma: establishing standards in practice. J Oncol Pract. 2017;13(7):414–21.PubMedPubMedCentral
11.
go back to reference Sirohi D, Smith SC, Ohe C, Colombo P, Divatia M, Dragoescu E, et al. Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified with medullary phenotype: poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas overlapping with renal medullary carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2017;67:134–45.PubMed Sirohi D, Smith SC, Ohe C, Colombo P, Divatia M, Dragoescu E, et al. Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified with medullary phenotype: poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas overlapping with renal medullary carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2017;67:134–45.PubMed
12.
go back to reference Sandberg JK, Mullen EA, Cajaiba MM, Smith EA, Servaes S, Perlman EJ, et al. Imaging of renal medullary carcinoma in children and young adults: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47(12):1615–21.PubMedPubMedCentral Sandberg JK, Mullen EA, Cajaiba MM, Smith EA, Servaes S, Perlman EJ, et al. Imaging of renal medullary carcinoma in children and young adults: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47(12):1615–21.PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
go back to reference Blitman NM, Berkenblit RG, Rozenblit AM, Levin TL. Renal Medullary Carcinoma: CT and MRI Features. Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):268–72. Blitman NM, Berkenblit RG, Rozenblit AM, Levin TL. Renal Medullary Carcinoma: CT and MRI Features. Am J Roentgenol 2005;185(1):268–72.
14.
go back to reference •• Chung EM, Lattin GE, Fagen KE, Kim AM, Pavio MA, Fehringer AJ, et al. Renal tumors of childhood: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 2. The 2nd Decade: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives. RadioGraphics. 2017;37(5):1538–58. This article presents the radiological and pathological correlation of different renal masses. Furthermore, describes distinguishing clinical and imaging features in order to make appropiate differential diagnoses. PubMedPubMedCentral •• Chung EM, Lattin GE, Fagen KE, Kim AM, Pavio MA, Fehringer AJ, et al. Renal tumors of childhood: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 2. The 2nd Decade: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives. RadioGraphics. 2017;37(5):1538–58. This article presents the radiological and pathological correlation of different renal masses. Furthermore, describes distinguishing clinical and imaging features in order to make appropiate differential diagnoses. PubMedPubMedCentral
15.
go back to reference Li T, Chen J, Jiang Y, Ning X, Peng S, Wang J, et al. Multilocular cystic renal cell neoplasm of low malignant potential: a series of 76 cases. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2016;14(6):e553–7.PubMed Li T, Chen J, Jiang Y, Ning X, Peng S, Wang J, et al. Multilocular cystic renal cell neoplasm of low malignant potential: a series of 76 cases. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2016;14(6):e553–7.PubMed
16.
go back to reference Tretiakova M, Mehta V, Kocherginsky M, Minor A, Shen SS, Sirintrapun SJ, et al. Predominantly cystic clear cell renal cell carcinoma and multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential form a low-grade spectrum. Virchows Arch. 2018;473(1):85–93. Tretiakova M, Mehta V, Kocherginsky M, Minor A, Shen SS, Sirintrapun SJ, et al. Predominantly cystic clear cell renal cell carcinoma and multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential form a low-grade spectrum. Virchows Arch. 2018;473(1):85–93.
17.
go back to reference Bhatt JR, Jewett MAS, Richard PO, Kawaguchi S, Timilshina N, Evans A, et al. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: pathological T staging makes no difference to favorable outcomes and should be reclassified. J Urol. 2016;196(5):1350–5.PubMed Bhatt JR, Jewett MAS, Richard PO, Kawaguchi S, Timilshina N, Evans A, et al. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: pathological T staging makes no difference to favorable outcomes and should be reclassified. J Urol. 2016;196(5):1350–5.PubMed
18.
go back to reference Williamson SR, Cheng L. Clear cell renal cell tumors: not all that is “clear” is cancer. Urol Oncol. 2016;34(7):292.e17–22. Williamson SR, Cheng L. Clear cell renal cell tumors: not all that is “clear” is cancer. Urol Oncol. 2016;34(7):292.e17–22.
19.
go back to reference Gürel S, Narra V, Elsayes KM, Siegel CL, Chen ZE, Brown JJ. Subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: MRI and pathological features. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2013;19(4):304–11.PubMed Gürel S, Narra V, Elsayes KM, Siegel CL, Chen ZE, Brown JJ. Subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: MRI and pathological features. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2013;19(4):304–11.PubMed
20.
go back to reference Ghosh P, Kaushik S. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: a rare, unique entity and diagnostic challenge. Arch Iran Med. 2014;17(2):129–32.PubMed Ghosh P, Kaushik S. Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: a rare, unique entity and diagnostic challenge. Arch Iran Med. 2014;17(2):129–32.PubMed
21.
go back to reference Adsay NV, Eble JN, Srigley JR, Jones EC, Grignon DJ. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24(7):958–70.PubMed Adsay NV, Eble JN, Srigley JR, Jones EC, Grignon DJ. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24(7):958–70.PubMed
22.
go back to reference Zhao M, He X, Teng X. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell renal cell carcinoma: a review of clinicopathologic aspects. Diagn Pathol. 2015;10(1):168.PubMedPubMedCentral Zhao M, He X, Teng X. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell renal cell carcinoma: a review of clinicopathologic aspects. Diagn Pathol. 2015;10(1):168.PubMedPubMedCentral
23.
go back to reference Kenney PA, Vikram R, Prasad SR, Tamboli P, Matin SF, Wood CG, et al. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) of the kidney: a detailed study of radiological, pathological and clinical outcomes. BJU Int. 2015;116(1):85–92.PubMed Kenney PA, Vikram R, Prasad SR, Tamboli P, Matin SF, Wood CG, et al. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) of the kidney: a detailed study of radiological, pathological and clinical outcomes. BJU Int. 2015;116(1):85–92.PubMed
24.
go back to reference Cornelis F, Ambrosetti D, Rocher L, Derchi LE, Renard B, Puech P, et al. CT and MR imaging features of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidneys. A multi-institutional review. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(3):1087–95.PubMed Cornelis F, Ambrosetti D, Rocher L, Derchi LE, Renard B, Puech P, et al. CT and MR imaging features of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidneys. A multi-institutional review. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(3):1087–95.PubMed
25.
go back to reference Sahni VA, Hirsch MS, Sadow CA, Silverman SG. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidney: imaging features. Cancer Imaging. 2012;12(1):66–71.PubMed Sahni VA, Hirsch MS, Sadow CA, Silverman SG. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidney: imaging features. Cancer Imaging. 2012;12(1):66–71.PubMed
26.
go back to reference •• Kay FU, Pedrosa I. Imaging of solid renal masses. Radiol Clin N Am. 2017;55(2):243–58. This article emphazise the actual role of imaging and its different modalities in order to characterise benign and malignant renal lesions. PubMed •• Kay FU, Pedrosa I. Imaging of solid renal masses. Radiol Clin N Am. 2017;55(2):243–58. This article emphazise the actual role of imaging and its different modalities in order to characterise benign and malignant renal lesions. PubMed
27.
28.
go back to reference • Lopes Vendrami C, Parada Villavicencio C, DeJulio TJ, Chatterjee A, Casalino DD, Horowitz JM, et al. Differentiation of solid renal tumors with multiparametric MR imaging. RadioGraphics. 2017;37(7):2026–42. This article describe the imaging and pathologic characteristics of the most common renal tumors. As well as the MRI imaging diagnostic approach of these renal masses. PubMed • Lopes Vendrami C, Parada Villavicencio C, DeJulio TJ, Chatterjee A, Casalino DD, Horowitz JM, et al. Differentiation of solid renal tumors with multiparametric MR imaging. RadioGraphics. 2017;37(7):2026–42. This article describe the imaging and pathologic characteristics of the most common renal tumors. As well as the MRI imaging diagnostic approach of these renal masses. PubMed
29.
go back to reference Lou L, Teng J, Lin X, Zhang H. Ultrasonographic features of renal oncocytoma with histopathologic correlation. J Clin Ultrasound. 2014;42(3):129–33.PubMed Lou L, Teng J, Lin X, Zhang H. Ultrasonographic features of renal oncocytoma with histopathologic correlation. J Clin Ultrasound. 2014;42(3):129–33.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Young JR, Coy H, Kim HJ, Douek M, Lo P, Pantuck AJ, et al. Performance of relative enhancement on multiphasic MRI for the differentiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from papillary and chromophobe RCC subtypes and oncocytoma. Am J Roentgenol. 2017;208(4):812–9. Young JR, Coy H, Kim HJ, Douek M, Lo P, Pantuck AJ, et al. Performance of relative enhancement on multiphasic MRI for the differentiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from papillary and chromophobe RCC subtypes and oncocytoma. Am J Roentgenol. 2017;208(4):812–9.
31.
go back to reference Kao SL, Hsu YH, Kuo HC. Renal oncocytoma with specific imaging findings. Tzu Chi Med J. 2010;22(1):36–8. Kao SL, Hsu YH, Kuo HC. Renal oncocytoma with specific imaging findings. Tzu Chi Med J. 2010;22(1):36–8.
32.
go back to reference Wu J, Zhu Q, Zhu W, Zhang H. Metanephric adenoma with diffuse calcifications: a case report. Oncol Lett. 2015;10(3):1816–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Wu J, Zhu Q, Zhu W, Zhang H. Metanephric adenoma with diffuse calcifications: a case report. Oncol Lett. 2015;10(3):1816–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference Zhu Q, Zhu W, Wu J, Chen W, Wang S. The clinical and CT imaging features of metanephric adenoma. Acta Radiol. 2014;55(2):231–8.PubMed Zhu Q, Zhu W, Wu J, Chen W, Wang S. The clinical and CT imaging features of metanephric adenoma. Acta Radiol. 2014;55(2):231–8.PubMed
34.
go back to reference Mantoan Padilha M, Billis A, Allende D, Zhou M, Magi-Galluzzi C. Metanephric adenoma and solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma: common and distinctive features. Histopathology. 2013;62(6):941–53.PubMed Mantoan Padilha M, Billis A, Allende D, Zhou M, Magi-Galluzzi C. Metanephric adenoma and solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma: common and distinctive features. Histopathology. 2013;62(6):941–53.PubMed
35.
go back to reference Küpeli S, Baydar DE, Çanakl F, Yalçn B, Kösemehmetoğlu K, Tekgül S, et al. Metanephric adenoma in a 6-year-old child with hemihypertrophy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2009;31(6):453–5.PubMed Küpeli S, Baydar DE, Çanakl F, Yalçn B, Kösemehmetoğlu K, Tekgül S, et al. Metanephric adenoma in a 6-year-old child with hemihypertrophy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2009;31(6):453–5.PubMed
36.
go back to reference Eble JN. Angiomyolipoma of kidney. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1998;15(1):21–40.PubMed Eble JN. Angiomyolipoma of kidney. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1998;15(1):21–40.PubMed
37.
go back to reference Nelson CP, Sanda MG. Contemporary diagnosis and management of renal angiomyolipoma. J Urol. 2002;168(4 Pt 1):1315–25.PubMed Nelson CP, Sanda MG. Contemporary diagnosis and management of renal angiomyolipoma. J Urol. 2002;168(4 Pt 1):1315–25.PubMed
38.
go back to reference Tsui WM, Colombari R, Portmann BC, Bonetti F, Thung SN, Ferrell LD, et al. Hepatic angiomyolipoma: a clinicopathologic study of 30 cases and delineation of unusual morphologic variants. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999;23(1):34–48.PubMed Tsui WM, Colombari R, Portmann BC, Bonetti F, Thung SN, Ferrell LD, et al. Hepatic angiomyolipoma: a clinicopathologic study of 30 cases and delineation of unusual morphologic variants. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999;23(1):34–48.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Lane BR, Aydin H, Danforth TL, Zhou M, Remer EM, Novick AC, et al. Clinical correlates of renal angiomyolipoma subtypes in 209 patients: classic, fat poor, tuberous sclerosis associated and epithelioid. J Urol. 2008;180(3):836–43.PubMed Lane BR, Aydin H, Danforth TL, Zhou M, Remer EM, Novick AC, et al. Clinical correlates of renal angiomyolipoma subtypes in 209 patients: classic, fat poor, tuberous sclerosis associated and epithelioid. J Urol. 2008;180(3):836–43.PubMed
40.
go back to reference Zhu J, Li H, Ding L, Cheng H, Zhu J, Li H, et al. Imaging appearance of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(1):1–4. Zhu J, Li H, Ding L, Cheng H, Zhu J, Li H, et al. Imaging appearance of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(1):1–4.
41.
go back to reference Raman SP, Hruban RH, Fishman EK. Beyond renal cell carcinoma: rare and unusual renal masses. Abdom Imaging. 2012;37(5):873–84.PubMed Raman SP, Hruban RH, Fishman EK. Beyond renal cell carcinoma: rare and unusual renal masses. Abdom Imaging. 2012;37(5):873–84.PubMed
42.
go back to reference Liu Y, Qu F, Cheng R, Ye Z. CT-imaging features of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma. World J Surg Oncol. 2015;13(1):9–14. Liu Y, Qu F, Cheng R, Ye Z. CT-imaging features of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma. World J Surg Oncol. 2015;13(1):9–14.
43.
go back to reference Park JH, Lee C, Suh JH, Kim G, Song B, Moon KC. Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: histopathologic review, immunohistochemical evaluation and prognostic significance. Pathol Int. 2016;66(10):571–7.PubMed Park JH, Lee C, Suh JH, Kim G, Song B, Moon KC. Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: histopathologic review, immunohistochemical evaluation and prognostic significance. Pathol Int. 2016;66(10):571–7.PubMed
44.
go back to reference Tsukada J, Jinzaki M, Yao M, Nagashima Y, Mikami S, Yashiro H, et al. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney: radiological imaging. Int J Urol. 2013;20(11):1105–11.PubMed Tsukada J, Jinzaki M, Yao M, Nagashima Y, Mikami S, Yashiro H, et al. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney: radiological imaging. Int J Urol. 2013;20(11):1105–11.PubMed
45.
go back to reference Ryan MJ, Francis IR, Cohan RH, Davenport MS, Weizer A, Hafez K, et al. Imaging appearance of renal epithelioid angiomyolipomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013;37(6):957–61.PubMed Ryan MJ, Francis IR, Cohan RH, Davenport MS, Weizer A, Hafez K, et al. Imaging appearance of renal epithelioid angiomyolipomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013;37(6):957–61.PubMed
46.
go back to reference Qiu T, Ling W, Lu Q, Lu C, Luo Y. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma with renal vein and inferior vena cava extension. J Med Ultrason. 2016;43(3):427–30. Qiu T, Ling W, Lu Q, Lu C, Luo Y. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma with renal vein and inferior vena cava extension. J Med Ultrason. 2016;43(3):427–30.
47.
go back to reference Zhong Y, Shen Y, Pan J, Wang Y, An Y, Guo A, et al. Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: MRI findings. Radiol Med. 2017;122(11):814–21.PubMed Zhong Y, Shen Y, Pan J, Wang Y, An Y, Guo A, et al. Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: MRI findings. Radiol Med. 2017;122(11):814–21.PubMed
48.
go back to reference Chuang CK, Lin HCA, Tasi HY, Lee KH, Kao Y, Chuang FL, et al. Clinical presentations and molecular studies of invasive renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma. Int Urol Nephrol. 2017;49(9):1527–36.PubMed Chuang CK, Lin HCA, Tasi HY, Lee KH, Kao Y, Chuang FL, et al. Clinical presentations and molecular studies of invasive renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma. Int Urol Nephrol. 2017;49(9):1527–36.PubMed
49.
go back to reference Zeng X, Huang H, Li J, Peng J, Zhang J. The clinical and radiological characteristics of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor occurring at unusual sites. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1–8. Zeng X, Huang H, Li J, Peng J, Zhang J. The clinical and radiological characteristics of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor occurring at unusual sites. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1–8.
50.
go back to reference Babu P, Kalpana Kumari MK, Nagaraj HK, Mysorekar VV. Inflammatory pseudotumor of kidney masquerading as renal carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther. 2015;11(3):668.PubMed Babu P, Kalpana Kumari MK, Nagaraj HK, Mysorekar VV. Inflammatory pseudotumor of kidney masquerading as renal carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther. 2015;11(3):668.PubMed
51.
go back to reference Patnana M, Sevrukov AB, Elsayes KM, Viswanathan C, Lubner M, Menias CO. Inflammatory pseudotumor: the great mimicker. Am J Roentgenol. 2012;198(3):12–5. Patnana M, Sevrukov AB, Elsayes KM, Viswanathan C, Lubner M, Menias CO. Inflammatory pseudotumor: the great mimicker. Am J Roentgenol. 2012;198(3):12–5.
52.
go back to reference Lee NG, Alexander MP, Xu H, Wang DS. Renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a case report and comprehensive review of literature. World J Oncol. 2011;2(2):85–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Lee NG, Alexander MP, Xu H, Wang DS. Renal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a case report and comprehensive review of literature. World J Oncol. 2011;2(2):85–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
53.
go back to reference Dogan MS, Doganay S, Koc G, Gorkem SB, Unal E, Ozturk F, et al. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the kidney and bilateral lung nodules in a child mimicking Wilms tumor with lung metastases. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2015;37(6):390–3. Dogan MS, Doganay S, Koc G, Gorkem SB, Unal E, Ozturk F, et al. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the kidney and bilateral lung nodules in a child mimicking Wilms tumor with lung metastases. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2015;37(6):390–3.
54.
go back to reference Zhu L, Li J, Liu C, Ding W, Lin F, Guo C, et al. Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumor: differential diagnosis based on a case series. J Thorac Dis. 2017;9(3):598–609.PubMedPubMedCentral Zhu L, Li J, Liu C, Ding W, Lin F, Guo C, et al. Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumor: differential diagnosis based on a case series. J Thorac Dis. 2017;9(3):598–609.PubMedPubMedCentral
55.
go back to reference Kramer S, Meadows AT, Jarrett P, Evans AE. Incidence of childhood cancer: experience of a decade in a population-based registry. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983;70(1):49–55.PubMed Kramer S, Meadows AT, Jarrett P, Evans AE. Incidence of childhood cancer: experience of a decade in a population-based registry. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983;70(1):49–55.PubMed
56.
go back to reference Hollowood K, Fletcher CD. Rhabdomyosarcoma in adults. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1994;11(1):47–57.PubMed Hollowood K, Fletcher CD. Rhabdomyosarcoma in adults. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1994;11(1):47–57.PubMed
57.
go back to reference Furlong MA, Mentzel T, Fanburg-Smith JC. Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in adults: a clinicopathologic study of 38 cases with emphasis on morphologic variants and recent skeletal muscle-specific markers. Mod Pathol. 2001;14(6):595–603.PubMed Furlong MA, Mentzel T, Fanburg-Smith JC. Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma in adults: a clinicopathologic study of 38 cases with emphasis on morphologic variants and recent skeletal muscle-specific markers. Mod Pathol. 2001;14(6):595–603.PubMed
58.
go back to reference Grignon DJ, McIsaac GP, Armstrong RF, Wyatt JK. Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney: a light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic study. Cancer. 1988;62(9):2027–32.PubMed Grignon DJ, McIsaac GP, Armstrong RF, Wyatt JK. Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney: a light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic study. Cancer. 1988;62(9):2027–32.PubMed
59.
go back to reference Alaa S, Haneen A-M. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep. 2018;32:62–7. Alaa S, Haneen A-M. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep. 2018;32:62–7.
60.
go back to reference Seifert RP, McNab P, Sexton WJ, Sawczyn KK, Smith P, Coppola D, et al. Rhabdomyomatous differentiation in Wilms tumor pulmonary metastases: a case report and literature review. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2012;42(4):409–16.PubMed Seifert RP, McNab P, Sexton WJ, Sawczyn KK, Smith P, Coppola D, et al. Rhabdomyomatous differentiation in Wilms tumor pulmonary metastases: a case report and literature review. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2012;42(4):409–16.PubMed
61.
go back to reference Hakky TS, Gonzalvo AA, Lockhart JL, Rodriguez AR. Primary Ewing sarcoma of the kidney: a symptomatic presentation and review of the literature. Ther Adv Urol. 2013;5(3):153–9.PubMedPubMedCentral Hakky TS, Gonzalvo AA, Lockhart JL, Rodriguez AR. Primary Ewing sarcoma of the kidney: a symptomatic presentation and review of the literature. Ther Adv Urol. 2013;5(3):153–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
62.
go back to reference Iwamoto Y. Diagnosis and treatment of Ewing’s sarcoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2007;37(2):79–89.PubMed Iwamoto Y. Diagnosis and treatment of Ewing’s sarcoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2007;37(2):79–89.PubMed
63.
go back to reference Pakravan A, Vo T-M, Sandomirsky M, Bastani B. Kidney diseases primary Ewing sarcoma of kidney in an elderly. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012;6:307–10. Pakravan A, Vo T-M, Sandomirsky M, Bastani B. Kidney diseases primary Ewing sarcoma of kidney in an elderly. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012;6:307–10.
64.
go back to reference Thyavihally YB, Tongaonkar HB, Gupta S, Kurkure PA, Amare P, Muckaden MA, et al. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney: a single institute series of 16 patients. Urology. 2008;71(2):292–6.PubMed Thyavihally YB, Tongaonkar HB, Gupta S, Kurkure PA, Amare P, Muckaden MA, et al. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney: a single institute series of 16 patients. Urology. 2008;71(2):292–6.PubMed
65.
go back to reference Angel JR, Alfred A, Sakhuja A, Sells RE, Zechlinski JJ. Ewing’s sarcoma of the kidney. Int J Clin Oncol. 2010;15(3):314–8.PubMed Angel JR, Alfred A, Sakhuja A, Sells RE, Zechlinski JJ. Ewing’s sarcoma of the kidney. Int J Clin Oncol. 2010;15(3):314–8.PubMed
66.
go back to reference Cuesta Alcalá JA, Solchaga Martínez A, Caballero Martínez MC, Gómez Dorronsoro M, Pascual Piédrola I, Ripa Saldías L, et al. Primary neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the kidney: 26 cases. Current status of its diagnosis and treatment. Arch Esp Urol. 2001;54(10):1081–93.PubMed Cuesta Alcalá JA, Solchaga Martínez A, Caballero Martínez MC, Gómez Dorronsoro M, Pascual Piédrola I, Ripa Saldías L, et al. Primary neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the kidney: 26 cases. Current status of its diagnosis and treatment. Arch Esp Urol. 2001;54(10):1081–93.PubMed
67.
go back to reference Michal M, Syrucek M. Benign mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney. Pathol Res Pract. 1998;194(6):445–8.PubMed Michal M, Syrucek M. Benign mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney. Pathol Res Pract. 1998;194(6):445–8.PubMed
68.
go back to reference Podduturi V, Guileyardo JM. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney discovered incidentally at autopsy. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2015;28(2):224–6. Podduturi V, Guileyardo JM. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney discovered incidentally at autopsy. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2015;28(2):224–6.
69.
go back to reference Chu LC, Hruban RH, Horton KM, Fishman EK. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2010;30(6):1541–51.PubMed Chu LC, Hruban RH, Horton KM, Fishman EK. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2010;30(6):1541–51.PubMed
70.
go back to reference Gallo GE, Penchansky L. Cystic nephroma. Cancer. 1977;39(3):1322–7.PubMed Gallo GE, Penchansky L. Cystic nephroma. Cancer. 1977;39(3):1322–7.PubMed
71.
go back to reference Granja MF, O’Brien AT, Trujillo S, Mancera J, Aguirre DA. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a systematic literature review of the radiologic and clinical findings. Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205(6):1188–93. Granja MF, O’Brien AT, Trujillo S, Mancera J, Aguirre DA. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a systematic literature review of the radiologic and clinical findings. Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205(6):1188–93.
72.
go back to reference Madewell JE, Goldman SM, Davis CJ, Hartman DS, Feigin DS, Lichtenstein JE. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a radiographic-pathologic correlation of 58 patients. Radiology. 1983;146(2):309–21.PubMed Madewell JE, Goldman SM, Davis CJ, Hartman DS, Feigin DS, Lichtenstein JE. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a radiographic-pathologic correlation of 58 patients. Radiology. 1983;146(2):309–21.PubMed
73.
go back to reference Charu A, Arvind A, Palak A, Minakshi B. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a rare presentation in a young female. J Clin Exp Pathol. 2017;07(04):1–2. Charu A, Arvind A, Palak A, Minakshi B. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a rare presentation in a young female. J Clin Exp Pathol. 2017;07(04):1–2.
74.
go back to reference Kalapurakal JA, Dome JS, Perlman EJ, Malogolowkin M, Haase GM, Grundy P, et al. Management of Wilms’ tumour: current practice and future goals. Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(1):37–46.PubMed Kalapurakal JA, Dome JS, Perlman EJ, Malogolowkin M, Haase GM, Grundy P, et al. Management of Wilms’ tumour: current practice and future goals. Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(1):37–46.PubMed
75.
go back to reference Huff V. Wilms’ tumours: about tumour suppressor genes, an oncogene and a chameleon gene. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011;11(2):111–21.PubMedPubMedCentral Huff V. Wilms’ tumours: about tumour suppressor genes, an oncogene and a chameleon gene. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011;11(2):111–21.PubMedPubMedCentral
76.
go back to reference Scott RH, Stiller CA, Walker L, Rahman N. Syndromes and constitutional chromosomal abnormalities associated with Wilms tumour. J Med Genet. 2006;43(9):705–15.PubMedPubMedCentral Scott RH, Stiller CA, Walker L, Rahman N. Syndromes and constitutional chromosomal abnormalities associated with Wilms tumour. J Med Genet. 2006;43(9):705–15.PubMedPubMedCentral
77.
go back to reference Kalish JM, Doros L, Helman LJ, Hennekam RC, Kuiper RP, Maas SM, et al. Surveillance recommendations for children with overgrowth syndromes and predisposition to Wilms tumors and hepatoblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(13):e115–22.PubMedPubMedCentral Kalish JM, Doros L, Helman LJ, Hennekam RC, Kuiper RP, Maas SM, et al. Surveillance recommendations for children with overgrowth syndromes and predisposition to Wilms tumors and hepatoblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(13):e115–22.PubMedPubMedCentral
78.
go back to reference Zuppan CW, Beckwith JB, Luckey DW. Anaplasia in unilateral Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study pathology center. Hum Pathol. 1988;19(10):1199–209.PubMed Zuppan CW, Beckwith JB, Luckey DW. Anaplasia in unilateral Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study pathology center. Hum Pathol. 1988;19(10):1199–209.PubMed
79.
go back to reference Lowe LH, Isuani BH, Heller RM, Stein SM, Johnson JE, Navarro OM, et al. Pediatric renal masses: Wilms tumor and beyond. Radiographics. 2000;20(6):1585–603.PubMed Lowe LH, Isuani BH, Heller RM, Stein SM, Johnson JE, Navarro OM, et al. Pediatric renal masses: Wilms tumor and beyond. Radiographics. 2000;20(6):1585–603.PubMed
80.
go back to reference D’Angio GJ, Breslow N, Beckwith JB, Evans A, Baum H, de Lorimier A, et al. Treatment of Wilms’ tumor. Results of the third National Wilms’ Tumor Study. Cancer. 1989;64(2):349–60.PubMed D’Angio GJ, Breslow N, Beckwith JB, Evans A, Baum H, de Lorimier A, et al. Treatment of Wilms’ tumor. Results of the third National Wilms’ Tumor Study. Cancer. 1989;64(2):349–60.PubMed
81.
go back to reference Huszno J, Starzyczny-Słota D, Jaworska M, Nowara E. Adult Wilms’ tumor—diagnosis and current therapy. Cent European J Urol. 2013;66(1):39–44.PubMedPubMedCentral Huszno J, Starzyczny-Słota D, Jaworska M, Nowara E. Adult Wilms’ tumor—diagnosis and current therapy. Cent European J Urol. 2013;66(1):39–44.PubMedPubMedCentral
82.
go back to reference Metzger ML, Dome JS. Current therapy for Wilms’ tumor. Oncologist. 2005;10(10):815–26.PubMed Metzger ML, Dome JS. Current therapy for Wilms’ tumor. Oncologist. 2005;10(10):815–26.PubMed
83.
go back to reference Gow KW, Barnhart DC, Hamilton TE, Kandel JJ, Chen MKS, Ferrer FA, et al. Primary nephrectomy and intraoperative tumor spill: report from the Children’s oncology group (COG) renal tumors committee. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(1):34–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Gow KW, Barnhart DC, Hamilton TE, Kandel JJ, Chen MKS, Ferrer FA, et al. Primary nephrectomy and intraoperative tumor spill: report from the Children’s oncology group (COG) renal tumors committee. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(1):34–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
84.
go back to reference Idrissi-Serhrouchni K, El-Fatemi H, El Madi A, Benhayoun K, Chbani L, Harmouch T, et al. Primary renal teratoma: a rare entity. Diagn Pathol. 2013;8:107.PubMedPubMedCentral Idrissi-Serhrouchni K, El-Fatemi H, El Madi A, Benhayoun K, Chbani L, Harmouch T, et al. Primary renal teratoma: a rare entity. Diagn Pathol. 2013;8:107.PubMedPubMedCentral
85.
go back to reference Nirmal TJ, Krishnamoorthy S, Korula A. Primary intrarenal teratoma in an adult: a case report and review of literature. Indian J Urol. 2009;25(3):404–6.PubMedPubMedCentral Nirmal TJ, Krishnamoorthy S, Korula A. Primary intrarenal teratoma in an adult: a case report and review of literature. Indian J Urol. 2009;25(3):404–6.PubMedPubMedCentral
86.
go back to reference Yoo J, Park S, Jung Lee H, Jin Kang S, Kee KB. Primary carcinoid tumor arising in a mature teratoma of the kidney: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126(8):979–81.PubMed Yoo J, Park S, Jung Lee H, Jin Kang S, Kee KB. Primary carcinoid tumor arising in a mature teratoma of the kidney: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126(8):979–81.PubMed
87.
go back to reference Otani M, Tsujimoto S, Miura M, Nagashima Y. Intrarenal mature cystic teratoma associated with renal dysplasia: case report and literature review. Pathol Int. 2001;51(7):560–4.PubMed Otani M, Tsujimoto S, Miura M, Nagashima Y. Intrarenal mature cystic teratoma associated with renal dysplasia: case report and literature review. Pathol Int. 2001;51(7):560–4.PubMed
88.
go back to reference Urban BA, Fishman EK. Renal lymphoma: CT patterns with emphasis on helical CT. Radiographics. 2000;20(1):197–212.PubMed Urban BA, Fishman EK. Renal lymphoma: CT patterns with emphasis on helical CT. Radiographics. 2000;20(1):197–212.PubMed
89.
go back to reference Sheth S, Ali S, Fishman E. Imaging of renal lymphoma: patterns of disease with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2006;26(4):1151–68.PubMed Sheth S, Ali S, Fishman E. Imaging of renal lymphoma: patterns of disease with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2006;26(4):1151–68.PubMed
90.
go back to reference Purysko AS, Westphalen AC, Remer EM, Coppa CP, Leão Filho HM, Herts BR. Imaging manifestations of hematologic diseases with renal and perinephric involvement. Radiographics. 2016;36(4):1038–54.PubMed Purysko AS, Westphalen AC, Remer EM, Coppa CP, Leão Filho HM, Herts BR. Imaging manifestations of hematologic diseases with renal and perinephric involvement. Radiographics. 2016;36(4):1038–54.PubMed
91.
go back to reference Chen X, Hu D, Fang L, Chen Y, Che X, Tao J, et al. Primary renal lymphoma: a case report and literature review. Oncol Lett. 2016;12(5):4001–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Chen X, Hu D, Fang L, Chen Y, Che X, Tao J, et al. Primary renal lymphoma: a case report and literature review. Oncol Lett. 2016;12(5):4001–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
92.
go back to reference Donow C, Pipeleers-Marichal M, Schröder S, Stamm B, Heitz PU, Klöppel G. Surgical pathology of gastrinoma. Site, size, multicentricity, association with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and malignancy. Cancer. 1991;68(6):1329–34.PubMed Donow C, Pipeleers-Marichal M, Schröder S, Stamm B, Heitz PU, Klöppel G. Surgical pathology of gastrinoma. Site, size, multicentricity, association with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and malignancy. Cancer. 1991;68(6):1329–34.PubMed
93.
go back to reference Katkoori D, Samavedi S, Jorda M, Block NL, Manoharan M. A rare case of renal gastrinoma. ScientificWorldJournal. 2009;9:501–4.PubMedPubMedCentral Katkoori D, Samavedi S, Jorda M, Block NL, Manoharan M. A rare case of renal gastrinoma. ScientificWorldJournal. 2009;9:501–4.PubMedPubMedCentral
94.
go back to reference Howard TJ, Sawicki M, Lewin KJ, Steel B, Bhagavan BS, Cummings OW, et al. Pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactivity in sporadic gastrinoma: relationship to intraabdominal location. Pancreas. 1995;11(4):350–6.PubMed Howard TJ, Sawicki M, Lewin KJ, Steel B, Bhagavan BS, Cummings OW, et al. Pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactivity in sporadic gastrinoma: relationship to intraabdominal location. Pancreas. 1995;11(4):350–6.PubMed
95.
go back to reference Dyer R, DiSantis DJ, McClennan BL. Simplified imaging approach for evaluation of the solid renal mass in adults. Radiology. 2008;247(2):331–43.PubMed Dyer R, DiSantis DJ, McClennan BL. Simplified imaging approach for evaluation of the solid renal mass in adults. Radiology. 2008;247(2):331–43.PubMed
96.
go back to reference Herrera-Caceres JO, Finelli A, Jewett MAS. Renal tumor biopsy: indicators, technique, safety, accuracy results, and impact on treatment decision management. World J Urol. 2018;0123456789. Herrera-Caceres JO, Finelli A, Jewett MAS. Renal tumor biopsy: indicators, technique, safety, accuracy results, and impact on treatment decision management. World J Urol. 2018;0123456789.
98.
go back to reference Bagheri MH, Ahlman MA, Lindenberg L, Turkbey B, Lin J, Cahid Civelek A, et al. Advances in medical imaging for the diagnosis and management of common genitourinary cancers. Urol Oncol. 2017;35(7):473–91.PubMedPubMedCentral Bagheri MH, Ahlman MA, Lindenberg L, Turkbey B, Lin J, Cahid Civelek A, et al. Advances in medical imaging for the diagnosis and management of common genitourinary cancers. Urol Oncol. 2017;35(7):473–91.PubMedPubMedCentral
99.
go back to reference Volpe A, Finelli A, Gill IS, Jewett MAS, Martignoni G, Polascik TJ, et al. Rationale for percutaneous biopsy and histologic characterisation of renal tumours. Eur Urol. 2012;62(3):491–504.PubMed Volpe A, Finelli A, Gill IS, Jewett MAS, Martignoni G, Polascik TJ, et al. Rationale for percutaneous biopsy and histologic characterisation of renal tumours. Eur Urol. 2012;62(3):491–504.PubMed
100.
go back to reference Baughman RP, Teirstein AS, Judson MA, Rossman MD, Yeager H, Bresnitz EA, et al. Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164(10):1885–9.PubMed Baughman RP, Teirstein AS, Judson MA, Rossman MD, Yeager H, Bresnitz EA, et al. Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164(10):1885–9.PubMed
101.
go back to reference Roudenko A, Murillo P, Akers S, Koo CW. Renal sarcoid: pseudotumoral radiologic manifestations and pathologic correlation. Radiol Case Rep. 2012;7(2):599.PubMed Roudenko A, Murillo P, Akers S, Koo CW. Renal sarcoid: pseudotumoral radiologic manifestations and pathologic correlation. Radiol Case Rep. 2012;7(2):599.PubMed
102.
go back to reference Koyama T, Ueda H, Togashi K, Umeoka S, Kataoka M, Nagai S. Radiologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in various organs. Radiographics. 2004;24(1):87–104.PubMed Koyama T, Ueda H, Togashi K, Umeoka S, Kataoka M, Nagai S. Radiologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in various organs. Radiographics. 2004;24(1):87–104.PubMed
Metadata
Title
Imaging of Unusual Renal Tumors
Authors
R. Patricia Castillo
Juan Francisco Santoscoy
Leonardo Pisani
Beatrice L. Madrazo
V. Javier Casillas
Publication date
01-01-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Urology Reports / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 1527-2737
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6285
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-019-0867-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Current Urology Reports 1/2019 Go to the issue

Kidney Diseases (G Ciancio, Section Editor)

Vascular Injury During Urologic Surgery: Somebody Call My Mother

Kidney Diseases (G Ciancio, Section Editor)

Renal Medullary Carcinoma: a Report of the Current Literature