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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Review

Circadian rhythms affect bone reconstruction by regulating bone energy metabolism

Authors: Beibei Luo, Xin Zhou, Qingming Tang, Ying Yin, Guangxia Feng, Shue Li, Lili Chen

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Metabolism is one of the most complex cellular biochemical reactions, providing energy and substances for basic activities such as cell growth and proliferation. Early studies have shown that glucose is an important nutrient in osteoblasts. In addition, amino acid metabolism and fat metabolism also play important roles in bone reconstruction. Mammalian circadian clocks regulate the circadian cycles of various physiological functions. In vertebrates, circadian rhythms are mediated by a set of central clock genes: muscle and brain ARNT like-1 (Bmal1), muscle and brain ARNT like-2 (Bmal2), circadian rhythmic motion output cycle stagnates (Clock), cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), cryptochrome2 (Cry2), period 1 (Per1), period 2 (Per2), period 3 (Per3) and neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2). Negative feedback loops, controlled at both the transcriptional and posttranslational levels, adjust these clock genes in a diurnal manner. According to the results of studies on circadian transcriptomic studies in several tissues, most rhythmic genes are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and are affected by tissue-specific circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythm regulates several activities, including energy metabolism, feeding time, sleeping, and endocrine and immune functions. It has been reported that the circadian rhythms of mammals are closely related to bone metabolism. In this review, we discuss the regulation of the circadian rhythm/circadian clock gene in osteoblasts/osteoclasts and the energy metabolism of bone, and the relationship between circadian rhythm, bone remodeling, and energy metabolism. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of regulating circadian rhythms or changing energy metabolism on bone development/bone regeneration.

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Title: Circadian rhythms affect bone reconstruction by regulating bone energy metabolism
Authors: Beibei Luo
Xin Zhou
Qingming Tang
Ying Yin
Guangxia Feng
Shue Li
Lili Chen
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-03068-x

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