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Seminars in Immunopathology
Published in: Seminars in Immunopathology 1/2016

01-01-2016 | Review

Adverse cutaneous drug eruptions: current understanding

Authors: W. Hoetzenecker, M. Nägeli, E. T. Mehra, A. N. Jensen, I. Saulite, P. Schmid-Grendelmeier, E. Guenova, A. Cozzio, L. E. French

Published in: Seminars in Immunopathology | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Adverse cutaneous drug reactions are recognized as being major health problems worldwide causing considerable costs for health care systems. Most adverse cutaneous drug reactions follow a benign course; however, up to 2 % of all adverse cutaneous drug eruptions are severe and life-threatening. These include acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Physicians should be aware of specific red flags to rapidly identify these severe cutaneous drug eruptions and initiate appropriate treatment. Besides significant progress in clinical classification and treatment, recent studies have greatly enhanced our understanding in the pathophysiology of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Genetic susceptibilities to certain drugs have been identified in SJS/TEN patients, viral reactivation in DRESS has been elucidated, and the discovery of tissue resident memory T cells helps to better understand the recurrent site-specific inflammation in patients with fixed drug eruption.
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Metadata
Title
Adverse cutaneous drug eruptions: current understanding
Authors
W. Hoetzenecker
M. Nägeli
E. T. Mehra
A. N. Jensen
I. Saulite
P. Schmid-Grendelmeier
E. Guenova
A. Cozzio
L. E. French
Publication date
01-01-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Seminars in Immunopathology / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 1863-2297
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2300
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-015-0540-2

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