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Pediatric Nephrology

14-03-2024 | Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatrics | Review

Biomarkers for urinary tract infection: present and future perspectives

Authors: Tej K. Mattoo, John David Spencer

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology

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Abstract

A prompt diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) is necessary to minimize its symptoms and limit sequelae. The current UTI screening by urine test strip analysis and microscopic examination has suboptimal diagnostic accuracy. A definitive diagnosis of UTI by urine culture takes two to three days for the results. These limitations necessitate a need for better biomarkers for the diagnosis and subsequent management of UTI in children. Here, we review the value of currently available UTI biomarkers and highlight the potential of emerging biomarkers that can facilitate a more rapid and accurate UTI diagnosis. Of the newer UTI biomarkers, the most promising are blood procalcitonin (PCT) and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). PCT can provide diagnostic benefits and should be considered in patients who have a blood test for other reasons. NGAL, which is on the threshold of clinical care, needs more research to address its scope and utilization, including point-of-care application. Employment of these and other biomarkers may ultimately improve UTI diagnosis, guide UTI therapy, reduce antibiotic use, and mitigate UTI complications.

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Metadata
Title
Biomarkers for urinary tract infection: present and future perspectives
Authors
Tej K. Mattoo
John David Spencer
Publication date
14-03-2024
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-024-06321-9
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