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BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Published in: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Type 2 Diabetes | Research

Lung molecular and histological changes in type 2 diabetic rats and its improvement by high-intensity interval training

Authors: Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh, Kayvan Khoramipour, Siyavash Joukar, Fatemeh Darvishzadeh-Mahani, Maryam Iranpour, Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk, Maryam Doustaki Zaboli

Published in: BMC Pulmonary Medicine | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) leads to serious respiratory problems. This study investigated the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on T2D-induced lung injuries at histopathological and molecular levels.

Methods

Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into control (CTL), Diabetes (Db), exercise (Ex), and Diabetes + exercise (Db + Ex) groups. T2D was induced by a high-fat diet plus (35 mg/kg) of streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Rats in Ex and Db + Ex performed HIIT for eight weeks. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), BAX, Bcl2, Lecithin, Sphingomyelin (SPM) and Surfactant protein D (SPD) levels were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were measured in lung tissue. Lung histopathological alterations were assessed by using H&E and trichrome mason staining.

Results

Diabetes was significantly associated with imbalance in pro/anti-inflammatory, pro/anti-apoptosis and redox systems, and reduced the SPD, lecithin sphingomyelin and alveolar number. Performing HIIT by diabetic animals increased Bcl2 (P < 0.05) and IL10 (P < 0.01) levels as well as surfactants components and TAC (P < 0.05) but decreased fasting blood glucose (P < 0.001), TNFα (P < 0.05), BAX (P < 0.05) and BAX/Bcl2 (P < 0.001) levels as well as MDA (P < 0.01) and MDA/TAC (P < 0.01) compared to the diabetic group. Furthermore, lung injury and fibrosis scores were increased by T2D and recovered in presence of HIIT.

Conclusion

These findings suggested that the attenuating effect of HIIT on diabetic lung injury mediated by reducing blood sugar, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis as well as improving pulmonary surfactants components.

Graphical Abstract

Type 2 diabetes increased inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis and reduced pulmonary surfactants , while high intensity training improved these negative effects
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Lung molecular and histological changes in type 2 diabetic rats and its improvement by high-intensity interval training
Authors
Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
Kayvan Khoramipour
Siyavash Joukar
Fatemeh Darvishzadeh-Mahani
Maryam Iranpour
Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk
Maryam Doustaki Zaboli
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Type 2 Diabetes
Published in
BMC Pulmonary Medicine / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2466
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-02840-1

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