Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy (S-IVL) is considered to facilitate successful stent implantation in severely calcified coronary lesions with a high rate of procedural success and low risk of complications [ 1 ]. It is well known that S-IVL can …

When all identifiable causes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) are excluded with systematic diagnostic testing, a patient with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) due to VF is diagnosed as “idiopathic” (iVF) [ 1 ]. iVF is a rare diagnosis, and approximately …

Tachycardiomyopathy (TCM) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction is a rare but treatable cause of heart failure, and atrial fibrillation is the most common cause of TCM in adults [ 1 ]. These two diseases often coexist and share common …

Inappropriate shocks in patients with implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and generate great discomfort and stress [ 1 ]. The leading cause is fast-conducting atrial fibrillation …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes [ 1 ], and the risk of heart failure increases 2–8 …

Central venous port systems may be safely used for chemotherapy of patients with cancer, but complications may occur in 7–16% of cases [ 1 , 2 ]. Complications during insertion of the device (or an ordinary central venous catheter) include venous …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has emerged as the predominant arrhythmia with a steady rise in incidence and prevalence over the past two decades, affecting a substantial proportion of the global population, estimated at approximately 37.5 billion as of …

Survivors of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are diagnosed with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) when no cause or other phenotypic expression (such as characteristic electrocardiographic or imaging features) can be identified after …

Advancements in surgical methods, aids, and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) techniques have increased the indications for open heart surgery. However, cardiac surgery and CPB are still associated with potentially fatal consequences, such as bleeding …

Cardiac myxoma (CM) is the most common type of primary cardiac tumor, accounting for 58.14% of all cardiac tumors [ 1 ]. CM can occur in all chambers of the heart but arises most commonly in the left atrium (60–80%), interatrial septum, and fossa …

Meticulous understanding of the mechanisms underpinning mitral regurgitation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is crucial to optimize therapeutic strategies. The morphologic characteristics of mitral valves in atrial functional mitral …

Fatal tachyarrhythmias during noncardiac surgery are rare and are associated with diverse factors, including intraoperative hemorrhage, cardiac disease, drugs, electrolyte abnormalities, and surgical techniques. Fatal tachyarrhythmias, including …

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of death especially in developed countries and it is predominantly caused by ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in the context of coronary heart disease [ 1 ]. In contrast, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation …

Commotio cordis is defined as sudden cardiac arrest secondary to blunt, nonpenetrating trauma to the chest wall. An important distinction between commotio cordis and cardiac contusion is that commotio cordis is due to blunt chest wall trauma that …

Graves’ disease is one of the most common forms of hyperthyroidism. The main symptoms include palpitations, sweating, and weight loss; most palpitations are supraventricular arrhythmias characterized by a narrow QRS during sinus rhythm [ 1 ].

Mutations in the SCN5A gene, which encodes the sodium channel protein α subunit, Na V 1.5, result in various phenotypes, such as long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3), Brugada syndrome (BrS), sick sinus syndrome (SSS), familial atrial fibrillation …

Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF) are fatal arrhythmias causing cardiac collapse in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). VT is a marked sudden cardiac death predictors after adjustment for age, diabetes, and left ventricular ejection …