Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as Grave’s orbitopathy, is the most common inflammatory condition of the orbit [ 1 ]. The underlying pathology is an autoimmune process which involves the fibroblasts of the orbital space leading to expansion …

Sinonasal inverting papilloma is a rare benign, locally aggressive tumour, arising from sinus and/or nasal fossa mucosa, with high recurrence rate, and risk of malignant transformation. This is a case of orbital invasive, lateral extending …

Cranial surgical approaches should be planned according to the location, size, and anatomical relation of the intracranial pathologies, and the intervention should be the least invasive technique possible that provides the greatest anatomical …

The Weber-Fergusson incision is commonly used for the surgical exposure of the anterolateral maxilla. Infraorbital orbitotomy is a well-described technique which allows extended exposure during maxillary surgery. This paper presents a modification …

In this article, the authors are presenting their experience and the results with the surgical treatment of intraorbital intraconal tumors based on a review of 33 constitutive cases. Our data were evaluated in comparison to other major series, and …

Although several approaches to the hypothalamus have been used, none is able to give full views of the hypothalamus. The risk of permanent morbidity for hypothalamo-pituitary functions is still high, especially in patients with cranio-pharyngioma.

Most authorities report that almost half of all tumors of the lacrimal gland are epithelial in origin [ 1 , 2 ]. Just less than half of all epithelial tumors are pleomorphic adenomas (benign mixed cell tumours). However, carcinoma ex pleomorphic …

Background. A visual prosthesis is a conceptual device designed to harnesses the function of residual afferent neurons in the visual pathway to produce artificial vision. Such implant, when applied to stimulate the vitreous surface of the retina …

We aim to share our experience of the removal of cranio-orbital lesions (COLs) and propose a novel classification to guide the tailored approach selection. We retrospectively reviewed 45 consecutive patients with COLs who underwent surgery …

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lacrimal gland is the most common malignant epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland. The biological behavior of these tumors is characterized by a slow growth with frequent nerve invasion but rare invasion of …

The optic radiation traverses the lateral temporal lobe (LTL), where languages are processed in the dominant hemisphere. Preserving the LTL during medial temporal lobe (MTL) lesion removal in the dominant hemisphere is necessary to avoid …

Ocular lymphomas are rare tumours which present inconspicuously. Patients may be asymptomatic or have an indolent presentation. Symptoms include those of increased orbital mass in the absence of inflammation with or without systemic disease.

Pleomorphic adenomas of lacrimal gland are known to recur if not completely excised or capsule is breached during surgery [ 1 ]. Most often, they involve the orbital lobe and are difficult to excise completely either due to limited surgical space …

Infectious orbital cellulitis is a serious complication of acute sinusitis which can cause significant ocular morbidities such as permanent loss of vision, optic nerve, and retinal compromise, exposure or neurotrophic keratopathy, as well as …