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120 search results for:

Ketolides 

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  1. 01-08-2002 | ReviewPaper

    The Ketolides

    A Critical Review

    Ketolides are a new class of macrolides designed particularly to combat respiratory tract pathogens that have acquired resistance to macrolides. The ketolides are semi-synthetic derivatives of the 14-membered macrolide erythromycin A, and retain …

  2. 01-04-2001 | ReviewPaper

    Review of Macrolides and Ketolides

    Focus on Respiratory Tract Infections

    The first macrolide, erythromycin A, demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and was used primarily for respiratory and skin and soft tissue infections. Newer 14-, 15- and 16-membered ring macrolides such as clarithromycin and the …

  3. 01-01-2009 | ReviewPaper

    Ketolides — The Modern Relatives of Macrolides

    The Pharmacokinetic Perspective

    As with other widely used antibacterials, the abundant use of macrolides for management of ambulant infections has promoted emergence of resistance against them. Ketolides are structurally related to macrolides and were developed to overcome …

  4. 01-06-2004 | OriginalPaper

    The use of ketolides in treatment of upper respiratory tract infections

    Recent surveillance studies suggest that the incidence of resistance to macrolide antibiotics in common communityacquired respiratory tract pathogens, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes, is increasing and limiting the …

  5. 15-02-2024 | Community-Acquired Pneumonia | Online First

    Identifying the Best Initial Oral Antibiotics for Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Network Meta-Analysis

    Patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are commonly cared for in the outpatient setting, with 15 ambulatory visits per 1000 adults annually for CAP, including 35/1000 in persons older than 65 years. 1 Guideline …

  6. 28-04-2024 | Pharmacokinetics | ReviewPaper

    Adjust antimicrobial agent regimens in older patients to correct for changes in pharmacokinetics and to avoid adverse events

    Treating infections with antimicrobial agents in older patients can be challenging. Physiological changes associated with aging can alter the pharmacokinetics of antimicrobial agents; dose adjustments may be required to provide effective and safe …

  7. Open Access 01-12-2023 | Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease | OriginalPaper

    Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in United States emergency departments, 2010–2018

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the U.S. and worldwide [ 1 ]. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are important adverse events in the natural history of the disease [ 2 , 3 ].

  8. Open Access 01-05-2022 | Septicemia | ReviewPaper

    Biomarkers Predicting Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Antimicrobials in Sepsis: A Review

    The pathophysiology of sepsis alters drug pharmacokinetics, resulting in inadequate drug exposure and target-site concentration. Suboptimal exposure leads to treatment failure and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, we seek to …

  9. Open Access 01-12-2023 | Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis | OriginalPaper

    Identification of candidate genes and pathways associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis by integrative transcriptome-wide association studies and mRNA expression profiles

    Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, encompassing all forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis of unknown causes and having an onset before the age of 16 years [ 1 ]. The …

  10. 01-01-2022 | ReviewPaper

    Penetration of Antibacterial Agents into Pulmonary Epithelial Lining Fluid: An Update

    A comprehensive review of drug penetration into pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (ELF) was previously published in 2011. Since then, an extensive number of studies comparing plasma and ELF concentrations of antibacterial agents have been …

  11. 01-05-2001 | OriginalPaper

    Telithromycin

    ▴ Telithromycin is the first member of a new family of the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin-B (MLSB) class of antimicrobials, the ketolides. It has a good spectrum of activity against respiratory pathogens, including penicillin- and …

  12. Open Access 01-12-2019 | Ketolides | OriginalPaper

    Staphylococcus aureus with an erm-mediated constitutive macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance phenotype has reduced susceptibility to the new ketolide, solithromycin

    The emergence and rapid transmission of antibiotic-resistance genes among Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) strains pose serious public health challenges worldwide [ 1 ]. The erythromycin ribosome methylase ( erm ) genes encode proteins that …

  13. 01-09-2021 | Obesity | ReviewPaper

    Do Antibiotics Cause Obesity Through Long-term Alterations in the Gut Microbiome? A Review of Current Evidence

    Overweight, defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , and obesity, defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 , pose a major public health problem worldwide. Specifically, obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, aged 18 years and older …

  14. 01-12-2016 | ReviewPaper

    Solithromycin: A Novel Fluoroketolide for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

    Solithromycin is a novel fluoroketolide developed in both oral and intravenous formulations to address increasing macrolide resistance in pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). When compared with its macrolide and …

  15. Open Access 01-12-2019 | Antibiotic | OriginalPaper

    Antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in the United States outpatient setting

    Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern, and its development is primarily due to the overuse, or inappropriate use, of antibiotics [ 1 , 2 ]. Compounding the problem of antibiotic resistance is the fact that new antibiotics are not …

  16. 01-11-2007 | ReviewPaper

    Multidrug-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Infections

    Current and Future Therapeutic Options

    Antibacterial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is increasing worldwide, affecting principally β-lactams and macrolides (prevalence ranging between ≈1% and 90% depending on the geographical area). Fluoroquinolone resistance has also started …

  17. 01-12-2020 | Pneumonia | ReviewPaper

    Pulmonary infections complicating ARDS

    Pulmonary infection is one of the main complications occurring in patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Besides traditional risk factors, dysregulation of lung immune defenses and microbiota may play an important role …

  18. Open Access 01-12-2020 | Care | OriginalPaper

    Adverse drug reactions in primary care: a scoping review

    Medication-related adverse events, or adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are harmful events caused by medication. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “a response to a medication that is noxious and …

  19. Open Access 01-09-2020 | Antibiotic | ReviewPaper

    Preclinical Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Studies and Clinical Trials in the Drug Development Process of EMA-Approved Antibacterial Agents: A Review

    Development of new antibacterial agents is necessary as drug-resistant bacteria are a threat to global health. In Europe, the European Medicines Agency has been guiding this development process for more than two decades. We investigated …

  20. 01-08-1998 | OriginalPaper

    Azithromycin

    A Review of its Use in Paediatric Infectious Diseases

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