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Clinical Oral Investigations

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01-05-2021 | Tooth Extraction | Original Article

Morphological and immunohistochemical features of tooth extraction sites in rats treated with alendronate, raloxifene, or strontium ranelate

Authors: Valesca Sander Koth, Fernanda Gonçalves Salum, Maria Antonia Zancanaro de Figueiredo, Karen Cherubini

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 5/2021

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological and immunohistochemical features of tooth extraction sites in rats subjected to different antiresorptive drugs.

Materials and methods

Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups according to the treatment: (1) alendronate, (2) raloxifene, (3) strontium ranelate, and (4) control. The animals underwent tooth extraction (60th day of treatment) and afterwards were euthanized (90th day of treatment). Tooth extraction sites were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E), and immunohistochemical staining (RANKL and OPG).

Results

On H&E analysis, the alendronate group showed greater amounts of non-vital bone, biofilm, inflammatory infiltrate and root fragment, and smaller amount of vital bone. The strontium ranelate group showed great amount of non-vital bone. This group also had lower levels of OPG, while the alendronate group showed lower OPG and RANKL than the other groups. On SEM analysis, the alendronate group showed a considerable number of microcracks on the alveolar bone surface and few Howship lacunae and lack of bone cells as well. The raloxifene, strontium ranelate, and control groups showed a large number of bone cells and Howship lacunae on the bone surface and few microcracks.

Conclusion

Alendronate therapy is associated with macro- and microscopic features of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw at tooth extraction sites, whereas raloxifene therapy is not, and strontium ranelate therapy is associated with non-vital bone.

Clinical relevance

Osteonecrosis of the jaws is a serious side effect of alendronate therapy, where tooth extraction is a major risk factor. Considering the significant number of patients undergoing antiresorptive therapies worldwide, the present study investigated whether raloxifene and strontium ranelate interfere with bone repair after tooth extraction in a similar way to bisphosphonates.

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Title: Morphological and immunohistochemical features of tooth extraction sites in rats treated with alendronate, raloxifene, or strontium ranelate
Authors: Valesca Sander Koth
Fernanda Gonçalves Salum
Maria Antonia Zancanaro de Figueiredo
Karen Cherubini
Publication date: 01-05-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Tooth Extraction
Bisphosphonate
Osteonecrosis
Tooth Extraction
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Raloxifene
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 5/2021
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03585-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Morphological and immunohistochemical features of tooth extraction sites in rats treated with alendronate, raloxifene, or strontium ranelate

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

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