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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Therapeutic implications of cellular and molecular biology of cancer stem cells in melanoma

Authors: Dhiraj Kumar, Mahadeo Gorain, Gautam Kundu, Gopal C. Kundu

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Melanoma is a form of cancer that initiates in melanocytes. Melanoma has multiple phenotypically distinct subpopulation of cells, some of them have embryonic like plasticity which are involved in self-renewal, tumor initiation, metastasis and progression and provide reservoir of therapeutically resistant cells. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be identified and characterized based on various unique cell surface and intracellular markers. CSCs exhibit different molecular pattern with respect to non-CSCs. They maintain their stemness and chemoresistant features through specific signaling cascades. CSCs are weak in immunogenicity and act as immunosupressor in the host system. Melanoma treatment becomes difficult and survival is greatly reduced when the patient develop metastasis. Standard conventional oncology treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical resection are only responsible for shrinking the bulk of the tumor mass and tumor tends to relapse. Thus, targeting CSCs and their microenvironment niche addresses the alternative of traditional cancer therapy. Combined use of CSCs targeted and traditional therapies may kill the bulk tumor and CSCs and offer a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of melanoma.
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Metadata
Title
Therapeutic implications of cellular and molecular biology of cancer stem cells in melanoma
Authors
Dhiraj Kumar
Mahadeo Gorain
Gautam Kundu
Gopal C. Kundu
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-016-0578-3

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