Published in:
01-07-2020 | Stomatitis Aphthosa | Original Article
Vitamin D and hematinic deficiencies in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors:
Suhail H. Al-Amad, Hayder Hasan
Published in:
Clinical Oral Investigations
|
Issue 7/2020
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Abstract
Objectives
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) represents a dysfunction in focal inflammatory processes. With the emerging anti-inflammatory roles of vitamin D (VD), we wanted to investigate the association between the onset and severity of RAS and serum VD level.
Methods
Fifty-two RAS cases and sex and age-matched controls were screened for serum iron, B12, folic acid, VD and red cell indices. Variables were compared using independent samples t test and chi square. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between the severity of RAS and various hematinic deficiencies.
Results
VD was deficient in 53% of the study population with no statistically significant difference between the RAS patients and healthy controls (53.6 versus 51.5 nmol/l, respectively). In comparison with controls, RAS patients had lower means of iron (81.0 versus 89.3 μg/dl), vitamin B12 (368.5 versus 412.7 pg ml) and most of the red cell indices; however, these differences were not statistically significant. No correlations were seen between RAS severity assessed by ulcer diameter, number of ulcers and their frequency and hematinic deficiencies. However, logistic regression showed a significant association between the number of ulcers (single or multiple) and VD deficiency (OR 4.978; 95% CI 1.204–20.576; p value = 0.027), adjusted for age, sex and other hematinics.
Conclusions
VD deficiency appears to have a role in aggravating RAS ulcerative episodes, but not their onset.
Clinical Relevance
Multiple aphthous ulcers might represent a subcategory of RAS lesions in which VD deficiency plays a role in aggravating the oral ulcerative condition.