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Open Access 01-12-2022 | Study protocol

Social Mobile Approaches to Reducing Weight (SMART) 2.0: protocol of a randomized controlled trial among young adults in university settings

Authors: Shadia J. Mansour-Assi, Natalie M. Golaszewski, Victoria Lawhun Costello, David Wing, Hailey Persinger, Aaron Coleman, Leslie Lytle, Britta A. Larsen, Sonia Jain, Nadir Weibel, Cheryl L. Rock, Kevin Patrick, Eric Hekler, Job G. Godino

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Background

Excess weight gain in young adulthood is associated with future weight gain and increased risk of chronic disease. Although multimodal, technology-based weight-loss interventions have the potential to promote weight loss among young adults, many interventions have limited personalization, and few have been deployed and evaluated for longer than a year. We aim to assess the effects of a highly personalized, 2-year intervention that uses popular mobile and social technologies to promote weight loss among young adults.

Methods

The Social Mobile Approaches to Reducing Weight (SMART) 2.0 Study is a 24-month parallel-group randomized controlled trial that will include 642 overweight or obese participants, aged 18–35 years, from universities and community colleges in San Diego, CA. All participants receive a wearable activity tracker, connected scale, and corresponding app. Participants randomized to one intervention group receive evidence-based information about weight loss and behavior change techniques via personalized daily text messaging (i.e., SMS/MMS), posts on social media platforms, and online groups. Participants in a second intervention group receive the aforementioned elements in addition to brief, technology-mediated health coaching. Participants in the control group receive a wearable activity tracker, connected scale, and corresponding app alone. The primary outcome is objectively measured weight in kilograms over 24 months. Secondary outcomes include anthropometric measurements; physiological measures; physical activity, diet, sleep, and psychosocial measures; and engagement with intervention modalities. Outcomes are assessed at baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Differences between the randomized groups will be analyzed using a mixed model of repeated measures and will be based on the intent-to-treat principle.

Discussion

We hypothesize that both SMART 2.0 intervention groups will significantly improve weight loss compared to the control group, and the group receiving health coaching will experience the greatest improvement. We further hypothesize that differences in secondary outcomes will favor the intervention groups. There is a critical need to advance understanding of the effectiveness of multimodal, technology-based weight-loss interventions that have the potential for long-term effects and widespread dissemination among young adults. Our findings should inform the implementation of low-cost and scalable interventions for weight loss and risk-reducing health behaviors.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.govNCT03907462. Registered on April 9, 2019

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Title: Social Mobile Approaches to Reducing Weight (SMART) 2.0: protocol of a randomized controlled trial among young adults in university settings
Authors: Shadia J. Mansour-Assi
Natalie M. Golaszewski
Victoria Lawhun Costello
David Wing
Hailey Persinger
Aaron Coleman
Leslie Lytle
Britta A. Larsen
Sonia Jain
Nadir Weibel
Cheryl L. Rock
Kevin Patrick
Eric Hekler
Job G. Godino
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Trials / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05938-7

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Social Mobile Approaches to Reducing Weight (SMART) 2.0: protocol of a randomized controlled trial among young adults in university settings

Abstract

Background

Methods

Discussion

Trial registration

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Discussion

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Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Effect of EARLY administration of DEXamethasone in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia without acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and risk of development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (EARLY-DEX COVID-19): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Effect of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization on balance and trunk function in people with multiple sclerosis: protocol for a randomized control trial

Effect of intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy on the postoperative brain edema in patients undergoing high-grade glioma resections: a study protocol of randomized control trial

The effect of “moderately restricted carbohydrate” diet on gut microbiota composition and metabolic parameters in women with metabolic syndrome: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Patient-individualized resection planning in liver surgery using 3D print and virtual reality (i-LiVR)—a study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial