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01-03-2021 | Siponimod | Original Paper

Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia

Authors: Bhakta Prasad Gaire, Ji Woong Choi

Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an important lipid biomolecule that exerts pleiotropic cellular actions as it binds to and activates its five G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P_1–5. Through these receptors, S1P can mediate diverse biological activities in both healthy and diseased conditions. S1P is produced by S1P-producing enzymes, sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2), and is abundantly present in different organs, including the brain. The medically important roles of receptor-mediated S1P signaling are well characterized in multiple sclerosis because FTY720 (Gilenya™, Novartis), a non-selective S1P receptor modulator, is currently used as a treatment for this disease. In cerebral ischemia, its role is also notable because of FTY720’s efficacy in both rodent models and human patients with cerebral ischemia. In particular, some of the S1P receptors, including S1P₁, S1P₂, and S1P₃, have been identified as pathogenic players in cerebral ischemia. Other than these receptors, S1P itself and S1P-producing enzymes have been shown to play certain roles in cerebral ischemia. This review aims to compile the current updates and overviews about the roles of S1P signaling, along with a focus on S1P receptors in cerebral ischemia, based on recent studies that used in vivo rodent models of cerebral ischemia.

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Title: Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Bhakta Prasad Gaire
Ji Woong Choi
Publication date: 01-03-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Keyword: Siponimod
Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1535-1084
Electronic ISSN: 1559-1174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-020-08614-2

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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