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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

Screening for fecal carriage of MCR-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans and primary care patients

  • Open Access
  • 01-12-2017
  • Short report
Published in:
Authors
Katrin Zurfluh
Roger Stephan
Andreas Widmer
Laurent Poirel
Patrice Nordmann
Hans-Jakob Nüesch
Herbert Hächler
Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen
Published in
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

The extent of the occurrence of the plasmid-encoded colistin resistance genes mcr-1 and mcr-2 among humans is currently sparsely studied in Western Europe.

Objectives

To determine the occurrence of MCR-producing Enterobacteriaceae in fecal samples of healthy humans with high occupational exposure to food and primary care patients in Switzerland.

Methods

Stool samples from 1091 healthy individuals and fecal swabs from 53 primary care patients were screened for polymyxin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae using LB agar containing 4 mg/L colistin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of colistin were determined for non-intrinsic colistin-resistant isolates. Isolates were screened by PCR for the presence of mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes.

Results

The fecal carriage rate of colistin resistant (MIC value >2 mg/l) Enterobacteriaceae was 1.5% for healthy people and 3.8% for primary care patients. Isolates included Hafnia alvei (n = 9), Escherichia coli (n = 3), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1) and Raoultella ornithinolytica (n = 1). None of the isolates harbored the mcr-1 or mcr-2 genes.

Conclusions

There is no evidence for the presence of MCR-producers in the fecal flora of healthy people or primary care patients. Therefore, the risk of transfer of mcr genes from animals, food or the environment to humans is likely to be low in Switzerland.
Title
Screening for fecal carriage of MCR-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy humans and primary care patients
Authors
Katrin Zurfluh
Roger Stephan
Andreas Widmer
Laurent Poirel
Patrice Nordmann
Hans-Jakob Nüesch
Herbert Hächler
Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2047-2994
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-017-0186-z
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