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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | SCLC | Research

Plasma hepatocyte growth factor as a noninvasive biomarker in small cell lung cancer

Authors: Cong Zhao, Li Tong, Bin Liu, Fei Qi, Zhiyun Zhang, Yi Guo, Yanxia Liu, Ying Wang, Lina Zhang, Baohua Lu, Baolan Li, Tongmei Zhang

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a peptide-containing multifunctional cytokine, which is overexpressed and/or activated in multiple malignancies and is reported to be associated with tumor development and inferior survival. At present, the role of HGF in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been fully explored yet.

Materials and methods

The expression of HGF and its value in predicting survival in SCLC were explored from GEO database and in pan-cancer analysis. Furthermore, we detected the expression of HGF using tumor tissue and paired plasma samples from a validation cohort of 71 SCLC patients at our institute. Correlation between tumor and plasma HGF expression and the prognostic values were analyzed.

Results

GEO database analysis revealed that tumor tissue had lower HGF expression than paired normal tissue in SCLC. At our institute, immunohistochemical staining showed negative expression of HGF in tumor tissue of SCLC at our institute (47/47, 100%). The average baseline plasma HGF was 1.28 (range,0.42–4.35) ng/ml. However, plasma HGF was higher in SCLC patients with patients with N3, M1, liver metastasis (LM) and bone metastasis (BM) disease compared with those N0 − 2 (1.25 vs. 1.75 ng/mL, P = 0.000), M0 (1.26 vs. 1.63 ng/mL, P = 0.003), non-LM (1.32 vs. 2.06 ng/mL, P = 0.009), and non-BM (1.35 vs. 1.77 ng/mL, P = 0.047), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed plasma HGF was an independent predictor for LM and prognostic factor of OS.

Conclusion

Our results revealed that plasma HGF rather than tumor HGF exhibited a potential role in predicting metastasis and survival in SCLC. Plasma HGF might be used as a non-invasive detecting and monitoring tool for SCLC.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Plasma hepatocyte growth factor as a noninvasive biomarker in small cell lung cancer
Authors
Cong Zhao
Li Tong
Bin Liu
Fei Qi
Zhiyun Zhang
Yi Guo
Yanxia Liu
Ying Wang
Lina Zhang
Baohua Lu
Baolan Li
Tongmei Zhang
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-10995-z

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