Top

Surgical Endoscopy

Published in:

01-07-2005 | Original article

Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy

Authors: C. Simopoulos, S. Botaitis, A. Polychronidis, G. Tripsianis, A. J Karayiannakis

Published in: Surgical Endoscopy | Issue 7/2005

Abstract

Background

Conversion to open cholecystectomy is still required in some patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate preoperative factors associated with conversion to open cholecystectomy in elective cholecystectomy and acute cholecystitis.

Methods

The records of 1,804 patients who underwent cholecystectomy from May 1992 to January 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographics and preoperative data of patients who required conversion to laparotomy were compared to those with successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Results

Conversion to open cholecystectomy was needed in 94 patients (5.2%),of which 44 (2.8%) had no inflammation and 50 (18.4%) had acute inflammation of the gallbladder. Male gender, age older than 60 years, previous upper abdominal surgery, diabetes, and severity of inflammation were all significantly correlated with an increased conversion rate to laparotomy. Also, the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis patients was associated with greater white blood cell count, fever, elevated total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase levels, and the various types of inflammation.

Conclusions

None of these risk factors were contraindications to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This may help predict the difficulty of the procedure and permit the surgeon to better inform patients about the risk of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.

Alponat, A, Kum, CK, Koh, BC, Rajnakova, A, Goh, PM 1997Predictive factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomyWorld J Surg21629633PubMed

Berci, G, Sackier, JM 1991The Los Angeles experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomyAm J Surg161382384CrossRefPubMed

Bickel, A, Rappaport, A, Kanievski, V, Vaksman, I, Haj, M, Geron, N, Eitan, A 1996Laparoscopic management of acute cholecystitis: prognostic factors for successSurg Endosc1010451049CrossRefPubMed

Bittner, R 2004The standard of laparoscopic cholecystectomyLangenbecks Arch Surg389157163CrossRefPubMed

Cuschieri, A, Dubois, F, Mouiel, J, Mouret, P, Becker, H, Buess, G, Trede, M, Troidl, H 1991The European experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomyAm J Surg161385387CrossRefPubMed

Deizel, DD, Millikan, KW, Economou, SG, Doolas, A, Ko, S-T, Airan, MC 1993Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a national survey of 4,292 hospitals and analysis of 77,604 casesAm J Surg165914PubMed

Del Pin , CA, Arthur, KS, Honig, C, Silverman, EM 2002Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: relationship of pathology and operative timeJSLS6149154PubMed

Eldar, S, Siegelnann, HT, Buzaglo, D, Matter, I, Cohen, A, Sabo, E, Abrahamson, J 2002Conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: artificial neural networks improve the prediction of conversionWorld J Surg267985CrossRefPubMed

Fried, GM, Barkun, JS, Sigman, HH, Joseph, L, Clas, D, Garzon, J, Hinchey, EJ, Meakins, JL 1994Factors determining conversion to laparotomy in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomyAm J Surg1673539CrossRefPubMed

10.

Hammarstrom, LE, Mellander, S, Rudstrom, H 2001A prognostic index of unsuccessful laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitisInt J Surg Invest2387392

11.

Hutchinson, CH, Traverse, LW, Lee, FT 1994Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Do preoperative factors predict the need to convert to open?Surg Endosc8875878CrossRefPubMed

12.

Kanaan, S, Murayama, K, Merriam, L, Dawes, L, Prystowsky, J, Rege, R, Joehl, R 2002Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomyJ Surg Res1062024CrossRefPubMed

13.

Kum, C-K, Eypasch, E, Lefering, R, Math, D, Paul, A, Neugebauer, E, Troidl, H 1996Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: Is it really safe?World J Surg204349CrossRefPubMed

14.

Lai, PB, Kwong, KH, Leung, KL, Kwok, SP, Chan, AC, Chung, SC, Lau, WY 1998Randomized trial of early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitisBr J Surg85764767CrossRefPubMed

15.

Lo, CM, Liu, CL, Lai, ECS, Fan, ST, Wong, J 1996Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for treatment of acute cholecystitisAnn Surg2233742CrossRefPubMed

16.

Lujan, JA, Parrilla, P, Robles, R, Torralba, JA, Garcia Ayllon, J, Liron, R, Sanchez- Bueno, F 1995Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of acute cholecystitisJ Am Coll Surg1817577PubMed

17.

Navez, B, Mutter, D, Russier, Y, Vix, M, Jamali, F, Lipski, D, Cambler, E, Guiot, P, Leroy, J, Marescaux, J 2001Safety of laparoscopic approach for acute cholecystitis: retrospective study of 609 casesWorld J Surg2513521356CrossRefPubMed

18.

Peter, JH, Krailadsiri, W, Incarbone, R, Bremner, CG, Froes, E, Ireland, AP, Crookes, P, Ortega, AE, Anthone, GA, Stain, SA 1994Reasons for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy in an urban teaching hospitalAm J Surg168555559PubMed

19.

Prakash, K, Jacob, G, Lekha, V, Venugopal, A, Venugopal, B, Ramesh, H 2002Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. Factors associated with conversionSurgEndosc16180183

20.

Rattner, DW, Ferguson, C, Warshaw, AL 1993Factors associated with successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitisAnn Surg217233236PubMed

21.

Rosen, M, Brody, F, Ponsky, J 2002Predictive factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomyAm J Surg184254258CrossRefPubMed

22.

Sanabria, JR, Gallinger, S, Croxford, R, Strasberg, SM 1994Risk factors in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for conversion to open cholecystectomyJ Am Coll Surg179696704PubMed

23.

Schrenk, P, Woisetschlager, R, Wayand, WU 1995Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Cause of conversion in 1300 patients and analysis of risk factorsSurg Endosc92528CrossRefPubMed

24.

Seeliger, H, Fürst, A, Zülke, C, Jauch, KW 2002Surgical management of bile duct injuries following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: analysis and follow-up of 28 casesLangenbecks Arch Surg387286293CrossRefPubMed

25.

SouthernSurgeons Club1991A prospective analysis of 1518 laparoscopic cholecystectomiesN Engl J Med33410731078

26.

Suter, M, Meyer, A 2001A 10-year experience with the use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitisIs it safe? Surg Endosc1511871192CrossRef

27.

Zisman, A, Gold-Deutch, R, Zisman, E, Nefri, M, Halpern, Z, Lin, G, Halevy, A 1996Is male gender a risk factor for conversion of laparoscopic into open cholecystectomy?Surg Endosc10892894CrossRefPubMed

Title: Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy
Authors: C. Simopoulos
S. Botaitis
A. Polychronidis
G. Tripsianis
A. J Karayiannakis
Publication date: 01-07-2005
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Surgical Endoscopy / Issue 7/2005
Print ISSN: 0930-2794
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2218
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-004-2197-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 7/2005

Early peritoneal macrophage function after laparoscopic surgery compared with laparotomy in a mouse mode

Does topical GTN on the sphincter of Oddi facilitate ERCP? A double-blind randomized control trial

The oncological safety of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision with sphincter preservation for rectal carcinoma

News and notices

Early laparoscopy as a routine procedure in the management of acute abdominal pain: a review of 1,320 patients

Is laparoscopic appendectomy in children associated with an uncommon postoperative complication?