Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Clinical Immunology 1/2016

Open Access 01-05-2016

Regulation of Monoclonal Antibody Immunotherapy by FcγRIIB

Authors: Richard J. Stopforth, Kirstie L. S. Cleary, Mark S. Cragg

Published in: Journal of Clinical Immunology | Special Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are revolutionising the treatment of many different diseases. Given their differing mode of action compared to most conventional chemotherapeutics and small molecule inhibitors, they possess the potential to be independent of common modes of treatment resistance and can typically be combined readily with existing treatments without dose-limiting toxicity. However, treatments with mAb rarely result in cure and so a full understanding of how these reagents work and can be optimised is key for their subsequent improvement. Here we review how an understanding of the biology of the inhibitory Fc receptor, FcγRIIB (CD32B), is leading to the development of improved mAb treatments.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Tutt AL, James S, Laversin SA, Tipton TR, Ashton-Key M, French RR, et al. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for mouse and human Fcgamma receptors. J Immunol. 2015;195(11):5503–16.CrossRefPubMed Tutt AL, James S, Laversin SA, Tipton TR, Ashton-Key M, French RR, et al. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for mouse and human Fcgamma receptors. J Immunol. 2015;195(11):5503–16.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Bruhns P, Iannascoli B, England P, Mancardi DA, Fernandez N, Jorieux S, et al. Specificity and affinity of human Fcgamma receptors and their polymorphic variants for human IgG subclasses. Blood. 2009;113(16):3716–25.CrossRefPubMed Bruhns P, Iannascoli B, England P, Mancardi DA, Fernandez N, Jorieux S, et al. Specificity and affinity of human Fcgamma receptors and their polymorphic variants for human IgG subclasses. Blood. 2009;113(16):3716–25.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Lim SH, Vaughan AT, Ashton-Key M, Williams EL, Dixon SV, Chan HT, et al. Fc gamma receptor IIb on target B cells promotes rituximab internalization and reduces clinical efficacy. Blood. 2011;118(9):2530–40.CrossRefPubMed Lim SH, Vaughan AT, Ashton-Key M, Williams EL, Dixon SV, Chan HT, et al. Fc gamma receptor IIb on target B cells promotes rituximab internalization and reduces clinical efficacy. Blood. 2011;118(9):2530–40.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Budde P, Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Schulzeck O, Frey J. Tyrosine-containing sequence motifs of the human immunoglobulin G receptors FcRIIb1 and FcRIIb2 essential for endocytosis and regulation of calcium flux in B cells. J Biol Chem. 1994;269(48):30636–44.PubMed Budde P, Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Schulzeck O, Frey J. Tyrosine-containing sequence motifs of the human immunoglobulin G receptors FcRIIb1 and FcRIIb2 essential for endocytosis and regulation of calcium flux in B cells. J Biol Chem. 1994;269(48):30636–44.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Brooks DG, Qiu WQ, Luster AD, Ravetch JV. Structure and expression of human IgG FcRII(CD32). Functional heterogeneity is encoded by the alternatively spliced products of multiple genes. J Exp Med. 1989;170(4):1369–85.CrossRefPubMed Brooks DG, Qiu WQ, Luster AD, Ravetch JV. Structure and expression of human IgG FcRII(CD32). Functional heterogeneity is encoded by the alternatively spliced products of multiple genes. J Exp Med. 1989;170(4):1369–85.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Goede V, Fischer K, Busch R, Engelke A, Eichhorst B, Wendtner CM, et al. Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(12):1101–10.CrossRefPubMed Goede V, Fischer K, Busch R, Engelke A, Eichhorst B, Wendtner CM, et al. Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(12):1101–10.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference White AL, Chan HT, Roghanian A, French RR, Mockridge CI, Tutt AL, et al. Interaction with FcgammaRIIB is critical for the agonistic activity of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody. J Immunol. 2011;187(4):1754–63.CrossRefPubMed White AL, Chan HT, Roghanian A, French RR, Mockridge CI, Tutt AL, et al. Interaction with FcgammaRIIB is critical for the agonistic activity of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody. J Immunol. 2011;187(4):1754–63.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Li F, Ravetch JV. Inhibitory Fcgamma receptor engagement drives adjuvant and anti-tumor activities of agonistic CD40 antibodies. Science. 2011;333(6045):1030–4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li F, Ravetch JV. Inhibitory Fcgamma receptor engagement drives adjuvant and anti-tumor activities of agonistic CD40 antibodies. Science. 2011;333(6045):1030–4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
go back to reference Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, Ravetch JV. Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytotoxicity against tumor targets. Nat Med. 2000;6(4):443–6.CrossRefPubMed Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, Ravetch JV. Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytotoxicity against tumor targets. Nat Med. 2000;6(4):443–6.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Nimmerjahn F, Ravetch JV. Divergent immunoglobulin g subclass activity through selective Fc receptor binding. Science. 2005;310(5753):1510–2.CrossRefPubMed Nimmerjahn F, Ravetch JV. Divergent immunoglobulin g subclass activity through selective Fc receptor binding. Science. 2005;310(5753):1510–2.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference DiLillo DJ, Ravetch JV. Differential Fc-Receptor engagement drives an anti-tumor vaccinal effect. Cell. 2015;161(5):1035–45. DiLillo DJ, Ravetch JV. Differential Fc-Receptor engagement drives an anti-tumor vaccinal effect. Cell. 2015;161(5):1035–45.
12.
go back to reference Schwab I, Lux A, Nimmerjahn F. Pathways responsible for human autoantibody and therapeutic intravenous IgG Activity in humanized mice. Cell Rep. 2015;13(3):610–20. Schwab I, Lux A, Nimmerjahn F. Pathways responsible for human autoantibody and therapeutic intravenous IgG Activity in humanized mice. Cell Rep. 2015;13(3):610–20.
13.
go back to reference Hargreaves CE, Rose-Zerilli MJ, Machado LR, Iriyama C, Hollox EJ, Cragg MS, et al. Fcgamma receptors: genetic variation, function, and disease. Immunol Rev. 2015;268(1):6–24.CrossRefPubMed Hargreaves CE, Rose-Zerilli MJ, Machado LR, Iriyama C, Hollox EJ, Cragg MS, et al. Fcgamma receptors: genetic variation, function, and disease. Immunol Rev. 2015;268(1):6–24.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Phillips NE, Parker DC. Fc-dependent inhibition of mouse B cell activation by whole anti-mu antibodies. J Immunol. 1983;130(2):602–6.PubMed Phillips NE, Parker DC. Fc-dependent inhibition of mouse B cell activation by whole anti-mu antibodies. J Immunol. 1983;130(2):602–6.PubMed
15.
go back to reference Clynes R, Maizes JS, Guinamard R, Ono M, Takai T, Ravetch JV. Modulation of immune complex-induced inflammation in vivo by the coordinate expression of activation and inhibitory Fc receptors. J Exp Med. 1999;189(1):179–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Clynes R, Maizes JS, Guinamard R, Ono M, Takai T, Ravetch JV. Modulation of immune complex-induced inflammation in vivo by the coordinate expression of activation and inhibitory Fc receptors. J Exp Med. 1999;189(1):179–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
go back to reference Getahun A, Cambier JC. Of ITIMs, ITAMs, and ITAMis: revisiting immunoglobulin Fc receptor signaling. Immunol Rev. 2015;268(1):66–73.CrossRefPubMed Getahun A, Cambier JC. Of ITIMs, ITAMs, and ITAMis: revisiting immunoglobulin Fc receptor signaling. Immunol Rev. 2015;268(1):66–73.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Muta T, Kurosaki T, Misulovin Z, Sanchez M, Nussenzweig MC, Ravetch JV. A 13-amino-acid motif in the cytoplasmic domain of Fc gamma RIIB modulates B-cell receptor signalling. Nature. 1994;368(6466):70–3.CrossRefPubMed Muta T, Kurosaki T, Misulovin Z, Sanchez M, Nussenzweig MC, Ravetch JV. A 13-amino-acid motif in the cytoplasmic domain of Fc gamma RIIB modulates B-cell receptor signalling. Nature. 1994;368(6466):70–3.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Ono M, Okada H, Bolland S, Yanagi S, Kurosaki T, Ravetch JV. Deletion of SHIP or SHP-1 reveals two distinct pathways for inhibitory signaling. Cell. 1997;90(2):293–301.CrossRefPubMed Ono M, Okada H, Bolland S, Yanagi S, Kurosaki T, Ravetch JV. Deletion of SHIP or SHP-1 reveals two distinct pathways for inhibitory signaling. Cell. 1997;90(2):293–301.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Bolland S, Pearse RN, Kurosaki T, Ravetch JV. SHIP modulates immune receptor responses by regulating membrane association of Btk. Immunity. 1998;8(4):509–16.CrossRefPubMed Bolland S, Pearse RN, Kurosaki T, Ravetch JV. SHIP modulates immune receptor responses by regulating membrane association of Btk. Immunity. 1998;8(4):509–16.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Xu L, Li G, Wang J, Fan Y, Wan Z, Zhang S, et al. Through an ITIM-independent mechanism the FcgammaRIIB blocks B cell activation by disrupting the colocalized microclustering of the B cell receptor and CD19. J Immunol. 2014;192(11):5179–91.CrossRefPubMed Xu L, Li G, Wang J, Fan Y, Wan Z, Zhang S, et al. Through an ITIM-independent mechanism the FcgammaRIIB blocks B cell activation by disrupting the colocalized microclustering of the B cell receptor and CD19. J Immunol. 2014;192(11):5179–91.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Espeli M, Smith KG, Clatworthy MR. FcgammaRIIB and autoimmunity. Immunol Rev. 2016;269(1):194–211.CrossRefPubMed Espeli M, Smith KG, Clatworthy MR. FcgammaRIIB and autoimmunity. Immunol Rev. 2016;269(1):194–211.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Floto RA, Clatworthy MR, Heilbronn KR, Rosner DR, MacAry PA, Rankin A, et al. Loss of function of a lupus-associated FcgammaRIIb polymorphism through exclusion from lipid rafts. Nat Med. 2005;11(10):1056–8.CrossRefPubMed Floto RA, Clatworthy MR, Heilbronn KR, Rosner DR, MacAry PA, Rankin A, et al. Loss of function of a lupus-associated FcgammaRIIb polymorphism through exclusion from lipid rafts. Nat Med. 2005;11(10):1056–8.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Kono H, Kyogoku C, Suzuki T, Tsuchiya N, Honda H, Yamamoto K, et al. FcgammaRIIB Ile232Thr transmembrane polymorphism associated with human systemic lupus erythematosus decreases affinity to lipid rafts and attenuates inhibitory effects on B cell receptor signaling. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14(19):2881–92.CrossRefPubMed Kono H, Kyogoku C, Suzuki T, Tsuchiya N, Honda H, Yamamoto K, et al. FcgammaRIIB Ile232Thr transmembrane polymorphism associated with human systemic lupus erythematosus decreases affinity to lipid rafts and attenuates inhibitory effects on B cell receptor signaling. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14(19):2881–92.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Willcocks LC, Carr EJ, Niederer HA, Rayner TF, Williams TN, Yang W, et al. A defunctioning polymorphism in FCGR2B is associated with protection against malaria but susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(17):7881–5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Willcocks LC, Carr EJ, Niederer HA, Rayner TF, Williams TN, Yang W, et al. A defunctioning polymorphism in FCGR2B is associated with protection against malaria but susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(17):7881–5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
go back to reference Beers SA, French RR, Chan HT, Lim SH, Jarrett TC, Vidal RM, et al. Antigenic modulation limits the efficacy of anti-CD20 antibodies: implications for antibody selection. Blood. 2010;115(25):5191–201.CrossRefPubMed Beers SA, French RR, Chan HT, Lim SH, Jarrett TC, Vidal RM, et al. Antigenic modulation limits the efficacy of anti-CD20 antibodies: implications for antibody selection. Blood. 2010;115(25):5191–201.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Montalvao F, Garcia Z, Celli S, Breart B, Deguine J, Van Rooijen N, et al. The mechanism of anti-CD20-mediated B cell depletion revealed by intravital imaging. J Clin Invest. 2013;123(12):5098–103. Montalvao F, Garcia Z, Celli S, Breart B, Deguine J, Van Rooijen N, et al. The mechanism of anti-CD20-mediated B cell depletion revealed by intravital imaging. J Clin Invest. 2013;123(12):5098–103.
27.
go back to reference Gul N, Babes L, Siegmund K, Korthouwer R, Bogels M, Braster R, et al. Macrophages eliminate circulating tumor cells after monoclonal antibody therapy. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(2):812–23.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gul N, Babes L, Siegmund K, Korthouwer R, Bogels M, Braster R, et al. Macrophages eliminate circulating tumor cells after monoclonal antibody therapy. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(2):812–23.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
go back to reference Tipton TR, Roghanian A, Oldham RJ, Carter MJ, Cox KL, Mockridge CI, et al. Antigenic modulation limits the effector cell mechanisms employed by type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Blood. 2015;125(12):1901–9.CrossRefPubMed Tipton TR, Roghanian A, Oldham RJ, Carter MJ, Cox KL, Mockridge CI, et al. Antigenic modulation limits the effector cell mechanisms employed by type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Blood. 2015;125(12):1901–9.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Vaughan AT, Chan CH, Klein C, Glennie MJ, Beers SA, Cragg MS. Activatory and inhibitory Fcgamma receptors augment rituximab-mediated internalization of CD20 independent of signaling via the cytoplasmic domain. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(9):5424–37.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Vaughan AT, Chan CH, Klein C, Glennie MJ, Beers SA, Cragg MS. Activatory and inhibitory Fcgamma receptors augment rituximab-mediated internalization of CD20 independent of signaling via the cytoplasmic domain. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(9):5424–37.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Lee CS, Ashton-Key M, Cogliatti S, Rondeau S, Schmitz SF, Ghielmini M, et al. Expression of the inhibitory Fc gamma receptor IIB (FCGR2B, CD32B) on follicular lymphoma cells lowers the response rate to rituximab monotherapy (SAKK 35/98). Br J Haematol. 2015;168(1):145–8. Lee CS, Ashton-Key M, Cogliatti S, Rondeau S, Schmitz SF, Ghielmini M, et al. Expression of the inhibitory Fc gamma receptor IIB (FCGR2B, CD32B) on follicular lymphoma cells lowers the response rate to rituximab monotherapy (SAKK 35/98). Br J Haematol. 2015;168(1):145–8.
31.
go back to reference White AL, Chan HT, French RR, Beers SA, Cragg MS, Johnson PW, et al. FcgammaRIIB controls the potency of agonistic anti-TNFR mAbs. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2013;62(5):941–8.CrossRefPubMed White AL, Chan HT, French RR, Beers SA, Cragg MS, Johnson PW, et al. FcgammaRIIB controls the potency of agonistic anti-TNFR mAbs. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2013;62(5):941–8.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Wilson NS, Yang B, Yang A, Loeser S, Marsters S, Lawrence D, et al. An Fcgamma receptor-dependent mechanism drives antibody-mediated target-receptor signaling in cancer cells. Cancer Cell. 2011;19(1):101–13.CrossRefPubMed Wilson NS, Yang B, Yang A, Loeser S, Marsters S, Lawrence D, et al. An Fcgamma receptor-dependent mechanism drives antibody-mediated target-receptor signaling in cancer cells. Cancer Cell. 2011;19(1):101–13.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Li F, Ravetch JV. Apoptotic and antitumor activity of death receptor antibodies require inhibitory Fcgamma receptor engagement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109(27):10966–71.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Li F, Ravetch JV. Apoptotic and antitumor activity of death receptor antibodies require inhibitory Fcgamma receptor engagement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109(27):10966–71.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Xu Y, Szalai AJ, Zhou T, Zinn KR, Chaudhuri TR, Li X, et al. Fc gamma Rs modulate cytotoxicity of anti-Fas antibodies: implications for agonistic antibody-based therapeutics. J Immunol. 2003;171(2):562–8.CrossRefPubMed Xu Y, Szalai AJ, Zhou T, Zinn KR, Chaudhuri TR, Li X, et al. Fc gamma Rs modulate cytotoxicity of anti-Fas antibodies: implications for agonistic antibody-based therapeutics. J Immunol. 2003;171(2):562–8.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Suntharalingam G, Perry MR, Ward S, Brett SJ, Castello-Cortes A, Brunner MD, et al. Cytokine storm in a phase 1 trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(10):1018–28.CrossRefPubMed Suntharalingam G, Perry MR, Ward S, Brett SJ, Castello-Cortes A, Brunner MD, et al. Cytokine storm in a phase 1 trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(10):1018–28.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Bartholomaeus P, Semmler LY, Bukur T, Boisguerin V, Romer PS, Tabares P, et al. Cell contact-dependent priming and Fc interaction with CD32+ immune cells contribute to the TGN1412-triggered cytokine response. J Immunol. 2014;192(5):2091–8.CrossRefPubMed Bartholomaeus P, Semmler LY, Bukur T, Boisguerin V, Romer PS, Tabares P, et al. Cell contact-dependent priming and Fc interaction with CD32+ immune cells contribute to the TGN1412-triggered cytokine response. J Immunol. 2014;192(5):2091–8.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Hussain K, Hargreaves CE, Roghanian A, Oldham RJ, Chan HT, Mockridge CI, et al. Upregulation of FcgammaRIIb on monocytes is necessary to promote the superagonist activity of TGN1412. Blood. 2015;125(1):102–10. Hussain K, Hargreaves CE, Roghanian A, Oldham RJ, Chan HT, Mockridge CI, et al. Upregulation of FcgammaRIIb on monocytes is necessary to promote the superagonist activity of TGN1412. Blood. 2015;125(1):102–10.
38.
go back to reference Lux A, Yu X, Scanlan CN, Nimmerjahn F. Impact of immune complex size and glycosylation on IgG binding to human FcgammaRs. J Immunol. 2013;190(8):4315–23.CrossRefPubMed Lux A, Yu X, Scanlan CN, Nimmerjahn F. Impact of immune complex size and glycosylation on IgG binding to human FcgammaRs. J Immunol. 2013;190(8):4315–23.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Williams EL, Tutt AL, French RR, Chan HT, Lau B, Penfold CA, et al. Development and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific for the murine inhibitory FcgammaRIIB (CD32B). Eur J Immunol. 2012;42(8):2109–20.CrossRefPubMed Williams EL, Tutt AL, French RR, Chan HT, Lau B, Penfold CA, et al. Development and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific for the murine inhibitory FcgammaRIIB (CD32B). Eur J Immunol. 2012;42(8):2109–20.CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Rankin CT, Veri MC, Gorlatov S, Tuaillon N, Burke S, Huang L, et al. CD32B, the human inhibitory Fc-gamma receptor IIB, as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2006;108(7):2384–91.CrossRefPubMed Rankin CT, Veri MC, Gorlatov S, Tuaillon N, Burke S, Huang L, et al. CD32B, the human inhibitory Fc-gamma receptor IIB, as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2006;108(7):2384–91.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Roghanian A, Teige I, Martensson L, Cox KL, Kovacek M, Ljungars A, et al. Antagonistic human FcgammaRIIB (CD32B) antibodies have anti-tumor activity and overcome resistance to antibody therapy in vivo. Cancer Cell. 2015;27(4):473–88.CrossRefPubMed Roghanian A, Teige I, Martensson L, Cox KL, Kovacek M, Ljungars A, et al. Antagonistic human FcgammaRIIB (CD32B) antibodies have anti-tumor activity and overcome resistance to antibody therapy in vivo. Cancer Cell. 2015;27(4):473–88.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Williams EL, Tutt AL, Beers SA, French RR, Chan CH, Cox KL, et al. Immunotherapy targeting inhibitory fcgamma receptor IIB (CD32b) in the mouse is limited by monoclonal antibody consumption and receptor internalization. J Immunol. 2013;191(8):4130–40.CrossRefPubMed Williams EL, Tutt AL, Beers SA, French RR, Chan CH, Cox KL, et al. Immunotherapy targeting inhibitory fcgamma receptor IIB (CD32b) in the mouse is limited by monoclonal antibody consumption and receptor internalization. J Immunol. 2013;191(8):4130–40.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Lazar GA, Dang W, Karki S, Vafa O, Peng JS, Hyun L, et al. Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(11):4005–10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lazar GA, Dang W, Karki S, Vafa O, Peng JS, Hyun L, et al. Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(11):4005–10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
go back to reference Shields RL, Lai J, Keck R, O’Connell LY, Hong K, Meng YG, et al. Lack of fucose on human IgG1 N-linked oligosaccharide improves binding to human Fcgamma RIII and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(30):26733–40.CrossRefPubMed Shields RL, Lai J, Keck R, O’Connell LY, Hong K, Meng YG, et al. Lack of fucose on human IgG1 N-linked oligosaccharide improves binding to human Fcgamma RIII and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(30):26733–40.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Chu SY, Vostiar I, Karki S, Moore GL, Lazar GA, Pong E, et al. Inhibition of B cell receptor-mediated activation of primary human B cells by coengagement of CD19 and FcgammaRIIb with Fc-engineered antibodies. Mol Immunol. 2008;45(15):3926–33.CrossRefPubMed Chu SY, Vostiar I, Karki S, Moore GL, Lazar GA, Pong E, et al. Inhibition of B cell receptor-mediated activation of primary human B cells by coengagement of CD19 and FcgammaRIIb with Fc-engineered antibodies. Mol Immunol. 2008;45(15):3926–33.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference White AL, Chan HT, French RR, Willoughby J, Mockridge CI, Roghanian A, et al. Conformation of the human immunoglobulin G2 hinge imparts superagonistic properties to immunostimulatory anticancer antibodies. Cancer Cell. 2015;27(1):138–48. White AL, Chan HT, French RR, Willoughby J, Mockridge CI, Roghanian A, et al. Conformation of the human immunoglobulin G2 hinge imparts superagonistic properties to immunostimulatory anticancer antibodies. Cancer Cell. 2015;27(1):138–48.
47.
go back to reference Cohen-Solal JF, Cassard L, Fournier EM, Loncar SM, Fridman WH, Sautes-Fridman C. Metastatic melanomas express inhibitory low affinity fc gamma receptor and escape humoral immunity. Dermatol Res Pract. 2010;2010:657406.PubMedPubMedCentral Cohen-Solal JF, Cassard L, Fournier EM, Loncar SM, Fridman WH, Sautes-Fridman C. Metastatic melanomas express inhibitory low affinity fc gamma receptor and escape humoral immunity. Dermatol Res Pract. 2010;2010:657406.PubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Regulation of Monoclonal Antibody Immunotherapy by FcγRIIB
Authors
Richard J. Stopforth
Kirstie L. S. Cleary
Mark S. Cragg
Publication date
01-05-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Clinical Immunology / Issue Special Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0271-9142
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2592
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-016-0247-8

Other articles of this Special Issue 1/2016

Journal of Clinical Immunology 1/2016 Go to the issue
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.