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Open Access 01-12-2016 | Review Article

Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity

Authors: Giulia Di Dalmazi, Jason Hirshberg, Daniel Lyle, Joudeh B. Freij, Patrizio Caturegli

Published in: Autoimmunity Highlights | Issue 1/2016

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been extensively studied in the induction of inflammation and tissue damage, especially as it relates to aging. In more recent years, ROS have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, ROS accumulation leads to apoptosis and autoantigen structural changes that result in novel specificities. ROS have been implicated not only in the initiation of the autoimmune response but also in its amplification and spreading to novel epitopes, through the unmasking of cryptic determinants. This review will examine the contribution of ROS to the pathogenesis of four organ specific autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and vitiligo), and compare it to that of a better characterized systemic autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis). It will also discuss tobacco smoking as an environmental factor endowed with both pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant properties, thus capable of differentially modulating the autoimmune response.

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Title: Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity
Authors: Giulia Di Dalmazi
Jason Hirshberg
Daniel Lyle
Joudeh B. Freij
Patrizio Caturegli
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Autoimmunity Highlights / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 2038-0305
Electronic ISSN: 2038-3274
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13317-016-0083-0

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

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Image Credits

STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com

At a glance: The STEP trials

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