Top

International Journal of Clinical Oncology

Published in:

01-05-2020 | Prostate Cancer | Original Article

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy: a retrospective multicenter study in Japan

Authors: Shintaro Narita, Shingo Hatakeyama, Masahiro Takahashi, Toshihiko Sakurai, Sadafumi Kawamura, Senji Hoshi, Masanori Ishida, Toshiaki Kawaguchi, Shigeto Ishidoya, Jiro Shimoda, Hiromi Sato, Atsushi Koizumi, Koji Mitsuzuka, Tatsuo Tochigi, Norihiko Tsuchiya, Chikara Ohyama, Yoichi Arai, Kyoko Nomura, Tomonori Habuchi

Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology | Issue 5/2020

Abstract

Purpose

Clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were evaluated.

Methods

The medical records of 605 consecutive mHNPC patients with initial ADT or combined androgen blockade (CAB) at nine study centers between 2008 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. The association of pretreatment risk factors with CRPC-free survival and OS was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard models and differences in survival were classified by the number of risk factors.

Results

Median follow-up was 2.95 years, median CRPC-free survival was 21.9 months and median OS was 5.37 years. Multivariable analysis found that four risk factors, a Gleason score ≥ 9, lymph node metastasis, an extent of disease score ≥ 2, and serum LDH of > 220 IU were independently associated with both CRPC-free survival and OS. Median CRPC-free survival of low-risk patients with no or one factor was 86.5 months, 17.9 months in intermediate-risk patients with two or three factors, and 11.0 months in high-risk patients with four factors. Median OS was 4.72 years in intermediate- and 2.44 years in high-risk patients. It was not reached in low-risk patients.

Conclusion

In this series, CRPC-free and OS of a subset of mHNPC patients in Japan who were treated with ADT or CAB had better CRPC-free and overall survivals in Japan. Risk-adapted treatment based on the presence of novel prognostic factors may be beneficial for selected mHNPC patients.

Available only for authorised users

Ferlay J, Colombet M, Soerjomataram I et al (2019) Estimating the global cancer incidence and mortality in 2018: GLOBOCAN sources and methods. Int J Cancer 144(8):1941–1953. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31937 CrossRefPubMed

Tsao CK, Oh WK (2018) First line treatment of hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer is there a single standard of care? J Clin Oncol 8:9–10. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.77.4315 CrossRef

Sweeney CJ, Chen YH, Carducci M et al (2015) Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 373(8):737–746. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1503747 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Barata PC, Sartor AO (2019) Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: abiraterone, docetaxel, or. Cancer 125(11):1777–1788. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.32039 PubMedCrossRef

Fizazi K, Tran N, Fein L et al (2017) Abiraterone plus prednisone in metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 377(4):352–360. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1704174 PubMedCrossRef

Parker CC, James ND, Brawley CD et al (2018) Radiotherapy to the primary tumour for newly diagnosed, metastatic prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 392(10162):2353–2366. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32486-3 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Glass TR, Tangen CM, Crawford ED et al (2003) Metastatic carcinoma of the prostate: identifying prognostic groups using recursive partitioning. J Urol 169(1):164–169. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000042482.18153.30 PubMedCrossRef

Akamatsu S, Ryuji U, Shintaro N et al (2018) Development and validation of a novel prognostic model for predicting overall survival in treatment-naïve castration-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. European Urol Oncol 2:320–328CrossRef

Miyoshi Y, Noguchi K, Yanagisawa M et al (2015) Nomogram for overall survival of Japanese patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer. BMC cancer 15:338. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1330-x PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

10.

Gravis G, Boher JM, Fizazi K et al (2015) Prognostic factors for survival in noncastrate metastatic prostate cancer: validation of the glass model and development of a novel simplified prognostic model. Eur Urol 68(2):196–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2014.09.022 PubMedCrossRef

11.

Frees S, Akamatsu S, Bidnur S et al (2018) The impact of time to metastasis on overall survival in patients with prostate cancer. World J Urol 36(7):1039–1046. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2236-4 PubMedCrossRef

12.

Bournakis E, Efstathiou E, Varkaris A et al (2011) Time to castration resistance is an independent predictor of castration-resistant prostate cancer survival. Anticancer Res 31(4):1475–1482PubMed

13.

Soloway MS, Hardeman SW, Hickey D et al (1988) Stratification of patients with metastatic prostate cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan. Cancer 61(1):195–202PubMedCrossRef

14.

Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I et al (2008) Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the prostate cancer clinical trials working group. J Clin Oncol 26(7):1148–1159PubMedCrossRef

15.

Tamada S, Iguchi T, Kato M et al (2018) Time to progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer after commencing combined androgen blockade for advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Oncotarget 9(97):36966–36974. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.26426 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

16.

Mosillo C, Iacovelli R, Ciccarese C et al (2018) De novo metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer: state of art and future perspectives. Cancer Treat Rev 70:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.08.005 PubMedCrossRef

17.

Iacovelli R, Ciccarese C, Mosillo C et al (2018) Comparison between prognostic classifications in de novo metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. Target Oncol 13(5):649–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-018-0588-8 PubMedCrossRef

18.

Tosoian JJ, Gorin MA, Ross AE et al (2017) Oligometastatic prostate cancer: definitions, clinical outcomes, and treatment considerations. Nat Rev Urol 14(1):15–25. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2016.175 PubMedCrossRef

19.

Mishra D, Banerjee D (2019) Lactate dehydrogenases as metabolic links between tumor and stroma in the tumor microenvironment. Cancers. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060750 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

20.

Yamada Y, Naruse K, Nakamura K et al (2010) Investigation of risk factors for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis based on clinical data. Exp Ther Med 1(4):635–639. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm_00000099 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

21.

Akamatsu S, Takahashi A, Takata R et al (2012) Reproducibility, performance, and clinical utility of a genetic risk prediction model for prostate cancer in Japanese. PLoS ONE 7(10):e46454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046454 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

22.

Scher HI, Heller G, Molina A et al (2015) Circulating tumor cell biomarker panel as an individual-level surrogate for survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 33(12):1348–1355. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.55.3487 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

23.

Choueiri TK, Xie W, D'Amico AV et al (2009) Time to prostate-specific antigen nadir independently predicts overall survival in patients who have metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with androgen-deprivation therapy. Cancer 115(5):981–987. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24064 PubMedCrossRef

24.

Muralidhar V, Mahal BA, Nguyen PL (2015) Conditional cancer-specific mortality in T4, N1, or M1 prostate cancer: implications for long-term prognosis. Radiat Oncol 10:155. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-015-0470-0 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

25.

Schaffar R, Rachet B, Belot A et al (2017) Estimation of net survival for cancer patients: Relative survival setting more robust to some assumption violations than cause-specific setting, a sensitivity analysis on empirical data. Eur J Cancer 72:78–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2016.11.019 PubMedCrossRef

26.

Markowski MC, Antonarakis ES (2018) Germline genetic testing in prostate cancer - further enrichment in variant histologies? Oncoscience 5(3–4):62–64. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.403 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

27.

Lu YT, Delijani K, Mecum A et al (2019) Current status of liquid biopsies for the detection and management of prostate cancer. Cancer Manag Res 11:5271–5291. https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s170380 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Title: Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy: a retrospective multicenter study in Japan
Authors: Shintaro Narita
Shingo Hatakeyama
Masahiro Takahashi
Toshihiko Sakurai
Sadafumi Kawamura
Senji Hoshi
Masanori Ishida
Toshiaki Kawaguchi
Shigeto Ishidoya
Jiro Shimoda
Hiromi Sato
Atsushi Koizumi
Koji Mitsuzuka
Tatsuo Tochigi
Norihiko Tsuchiya
Chikara Ohyama
Yoichi Arai
Kyoko Nomura
Tomonori Habuchi
Publication date: 01-05-2020
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Keywords: Prostate Cancer
Metastasis
Prostate Cancer
Androgens
Published in: International Journal of Clinical Oncology / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 1341-9625
Electronic ISSN: 1437-7772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-019-01614-8

Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras

Prof. Fabrice Barlesi

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 5/2020

Treatment choices and outcomes of non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma patients in relationship to neighborhood socioeconomic status: a population-based study

Outcome of patients with primary retroperitoneal solitary fibrous sarcoma

Toward a new stage of PD-1 blockade cancer immunotherapy

Rationale of combination of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment

Faithful preclinical mouse models for better translation to bedside in the field of immuno-oncology

Combination therapy with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors for cancer

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer