Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Prevalence of 7 sexually transmitted organisms by multiplex real-time PCR in Fallopian tube specimens collected from Saudi women with and without ectopic pregnancy

Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Ashshi, Sarah Abdullah Batwa, Seham Yahia Kutbi, Faizah Ahmed Malibary, Mohamed Batwa, Bassem Refaat

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is associated with maternal morbidity and occasionally mortality during the first trimester. A history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) and pelvic inflammatory disease have been implicated as major risk factors for EP. Our aim was to measure the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Ureaplasma parvum/urealyticum, Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1&2 in Fallopian tubes collected from EP and the results were compared with those obtained from total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and tubal ligation.

Methods

This was a prospective case–control study and tubal samples were collected from 135 Saudi women recruited from 3 centres in the Western region as follow: 84 EPs, 20 TAH and 31 tubal ligations. Multiplex TaqMan PCR was performed using an IVD CE kit for the simultaneous detection of candidate pathogens following DNA extraction.

Results

Infections were detected in 31.8 % of the 135 participants either as single (11.1 %) or co-infections (20.7 %) and the frequencies were significantly higher in EP (42.85 %) compared with control (13.72 %). The rates of CT (27.4 %; P = 0.001); MG (20.2 %; P = 0.009) and HSV-1/2 (21.4 %; P = 0.01) were significantly higher in EP. No significant difference between the study groups was observed for the other pathogens (P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression also showed that infection with ≥ 2 pathogens (OR 4.9; 95 % CI: 2.2 – 11.6; P = 0.006), CT (OR 3.07; 95 % CI: 1.3 – 12.3; P = 0.002), MG (OR 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.1 – 8.6; P = 0.03) and HSV-1/2 (OR 1.7; 95 % CI: 0.75 – 5.7; P = 0.004) were associated with a significantly higher risk of developing EP.

Conclusions

STIs are frequent in the upper genital tract of Saudi women during the reproductive age and, CT, MG and HSV-1/2 were more prevalent in EP. The observed high rates of co-infection advocate the necessity of establishing national guidelines and/or screening program utilising multiplex PCR approach for the detection of common STIs among high risk groups in the kingdom. Further studies are needed to measure the adverse reproductive outcomes associated with STIs in Saudi Arabia.
Literature
1.
Refaat B, Dalton E, Ledger WL. Ectopic pregnancy secondary to in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer: pathogenic mechanisms and management strategies. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2015;13(1):30.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
2.
3.
Horne AW, Critchley HO. Mechanisms of disease: the endocrinology of ectopic pregnancy. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2012;14, e7.PubMedCrossRef
4.
5.
Al-Turki HA. A review of 33 years (1980–2013) of data indicating a rise in ectopic pregnancy in Saudi Arabia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;128(1):33–5.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gulmezoglu AM, Van Look PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet. 2006;367(9516):1066–74.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Barnhart KT, Sammel MD, Gracia CR, Chittams J, Hummel AC, Shaunik A. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in women with symptomatic first-trimester pregnancies. Fertil Steril. 2006;86(1):36–43.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Karaer A, Avsar FA, Batioglu S. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a case–control study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;46(6):521–7.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Rana P, Kazmi I, Singh R, Afzal M, Al-Abbasi FA, Aseeri A, et al. Ectopic pregnancy: a review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2013;288(4):747–57.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Baecher-Lind LE, Miller WC, Wilcox AJ. Infectious disease and reproductive health: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2010;65(1):53–65.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Gimenes F, Medina FS, Abreu AL, Irie MM, Esquicati IB, Malagutti N, et al. Sensitive simultaneous detection of seven sexually transmitted agents in semen by multiplex-PCR and of HPV by single PCR. PLoS One. 2014;9(6), e98862.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
12.
Ross J, Judlin P, Jensen J. 2012 European guideline for the management of pelvic inflammatory disease. Int J STD AIDS. 2014;25(1):1–7.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Taylor BD, Darville T, Haggerty CL. Does bacterial vaginosis cause pelvic inflammatory disease? Sex Transm Dis. 2013;40(2):117–22.PubMed
14.
Yadav M, Verma N, Dhanda RS. Impact of sexually transmitted infections on women health. Health. 2013;2013.
15.
16.
Alzahrani AJ, Obeid OE, Hassan MI, Almulhim AA. Screening of pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinic of a tertiary hospital in eastern Saudi Arabia for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2010;31(2):81–6.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
17.
Al-Jiffri O. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis among infected women. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research. 2011;8:450–6.
18.
Kabbash IA, Al-Mazroa MA, Memish ZA. Evaluation of syndromic management of sexually transmitted infections in Saudi Arabia. Journal of infection and public health. 2011;4(2):73–9.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Fageeh WM. Sexually transmitted infections among patients with herpes simplex virus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. BMC research notes. 2013;6(1):301.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
20.
Fageeh W, Badawood S, Al Thagafi H, Yasir M, Azhar E, Farraj S, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection among female inmates at Briman prison in Saudi Arabia. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):267.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
21.
Alfarraj DA, Somily AM, Alssum RM, Abotalib ZM, El-Sayed AA, Al-Mandeel HH. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among Saudi women attending the infertility clinic in Central Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal. 2015;36(1):61.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
22.
23.
24.
Trembizki E, Costa AM, Tabrizi SN, Whiley DM, Twin J. Opportunities and pitfalls of molecular testing for detecting sexually transmitted pathogens. Pathology. 2015;47(3):219–26.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Samra Z, Rosenberg S, Madar-Shapiro L. Direct simultaneous detection of 6 sexually transmitted pathogens from clinical specimens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and auto-capillary electrophoresis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011;70(1):17–21.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Refaat B, Al-Azemi M, Geary I, Eley A, Ledger W. Role of activins and inducible nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of ectopic pregnancy in patients with or without Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009;16(10):1493–503.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
Luijt D, Di Lorenzo C, van Loon AM, Unemo M. Most but not all laboratories can detect the recently emerged Neisseria gonorrhoeae porA mutants - results from the QCMD 2013 N. gonorrhoeae external quality assessment programme. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(8):20711.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Haggerty CL, Gottlieb SL, Taylor BD, Low N, Xu F, Ness RB. Risk of sequelae after Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in women. J Infect Dis. 2010;201 Suppl 2:S134–55.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Akande V, Turner C, Horner P, Horne A, Pacey A. Impact of Chlamydia trachomatis in the reproductive setting: British Fertility Society Guidelines for practice. Hum Fertil (Camb). 2010;13(3):115–25.CrossRef
30.
Kazandi M, Turan V. Ectopic pregnancy; risk factors and comparison of intervention success rates in tubal ectopic pregnancy. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(1):67–70.PubMed
31.
Mitchell C, Prabhu M. Pelvic inflammatory disease: current concepts in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2013;27(4):793–809.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Al-Meshari AA, Chowdhury N, Adelusi B. Ectopic pregnancy in a defined Saudi population. Ann Saudi Med. 1993;13(6):530–4.PubMed
33.
Ogbonna BN, Al-Nemr A, Moghanam M. Ectopic pregnancy in King Fahad Hofuf Hospital: A five year experience. Ann Saudi Med. 1992;12(6):544–7.PubMed
34.
Al-Turki HA. Ectopic pregnancy. Prevalence and risk factors in women attending a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2012;33(8):875–8.PubMed
35.
Paukku M, Puolakkainen M, Paavonen T, Paavonen J. Plasma cell endometritis is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;112(2):211–5.PubMed
36.
Pavletic AJ, Wolner-Hanssen P, Paavonen J, Hawes SE, Eschenbach DA. Infertility following pelvic inflammatory disease. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 1999;7(3):145–52.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
37.
Paavonen J. Chlamydia trachomatis infections of the female genital tract: state of the art. Ann Med. 2012;44(1):18–28.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Hornung S, Thuong BC, Gyger J, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Vasilevsky S, Greub G, et al. Role of Chlamydia trachomatis and emerging Chlamydia-related bacteria in ectopic pregnancy in Vietnam. Epidemiol Infect. 2015;143(12):2635–8.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Short VL, Totten PA, Ness RB, Astete SG, Kelsey SF, Haggerty CL. Clinical presentation of Mycoplasma genitalium Infection versus Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection among women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(1):41–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
40.
Cohen CR, Mugo NR, Astete SG, Odondo R, Manhart LE, Kiehlbauch JA, et al. Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium in women with laparoscopically diagnosed acute salpingitis. Sex Transm Infect. 2005;81(6):463–6.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
41.
Haggerty CL. Evidence for a role of Mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008;21(1):65–9.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Svenstrup HF, Fedder J, Kristoffersen SE, Trolle B, Birkelund S, Christiansen G. Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, and tubal factor infertility--a prospective study. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(3):513–20.PubMedCrossRef
43.
el Borai N, Inoue M, Lefevre C, Naumova EN, Sato B, Yamamura M. Detection of herpes simplex DNA in semen and menstrual blood of individuals attending an infertility clinic. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 1997;23(1):17–24.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Adelson ME, Feola M, Trama J, Tilton RC, Mordechai E. Simultaneous detection of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by real-time PCR and Pyrosequencing. J Clin Virol. 2005;33(1):25–34.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Clarke LM, Duerr A, Yeung KH, Brockman S, Barbosa C, Macasaet M. Recovery of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus from upper and lower genital tract specimens obtained from women with pelvic inflammatory disease. J Infect Dis. 1997;176(1):286–8.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Lehtinen M, Rantala I, Teisala K, Heinonen PK, Lehtinen T, Aine R, et al. Detection of herpes simplex virus in women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease. J Infect Dis. 1985;152(1):78–82.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Paavonen J, Teisala K, Heinonen PK, Aine R, Miettinen A, Lehtinen M, et al. Endometritis and acute salpingitis associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and herpes simplex virus type two. Obstet Gynecol. 1985;65(2):288–91.PubMed
48.
Medvedev BI, Teplova SN, Zainetdinova LF. [Diagnostics of genital herpesvirus infection in women with tubal-peritoneal infertility]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2009;2:80–5.PubMed
49.
Tuomivaara LM. Ectopic pregnancy and genital infections: a case–control study. Ann Med. 1990;22(1):21–4.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Lefrancq T, Orain I, Michalak S, Hourseau M, Fetissof F. Herpetic salpingitis and fallopian tube prolapse. Histopathology. 1999;34(6):548–50.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Kaul R, Nagelkerke NJ, Kimani J, Ngugi E, Bwayo JJ, Macdonald KS, et al. Prevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection is associated with altered vaginal flora and an increased susceptibility to multiple sexually transmitted infections. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(11):1692–7.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Alberts CJ, van der Loeff MF S, Papenfuss MR, da Silva RJ, Villa LL, Lazcano-Ponce E, et al. Association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and herpes simplex virus type 2 serostatus with genital human papillomavirus infection in men: the HPV in men study. Sex Transm Dis. 2013;40(6):508–15.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
53.
De Seta F, Banco R, Turrisi A, Airoud M, De Leo R, Stabile G, et al. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) from Chlamydia trachomatis versus PID from Neisseria gonorrhea: from clinical suspicion to therapy. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2012;147(5):423–30.PubMed
54.
Anschuetz GL, Asbel L, Spain CV, Salmon M, Lewis F, Newbern EC, et al. Association between enhanced screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and reductions in sequelae among women. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51(1):80–5.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Qi H, Liu X, Gu M. Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum infection in patients with tubal pregnancy. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 1997;32(2):93–6.PubMed
56.
Deng YQ, Wu RF, Guo YY, Wang YJ, Liu ZH. Comparative study of genital tract infection in patients with tubal pregnancy. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2004;39(2):94–6.PubMed
57.
Zhou Y, Xu XL, Wang CP, Zhou M, Zeng XH. Detection and the antibiotic susceptibility analysis of mycoplasma and chlamydia in urogenital tract infections of 327 cases patients with tubal infertility. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. 2011;25(3):201–4.PubMed
58.
Grzesko J, Elias M, Maczynska B, Kasprzykowska U, Tlaczala M, Goluda M. Frequency of detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in cervical canal and the Douglas pouch of infertile and fertile women. Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 2007;59(2):169–75.PubMed
59.
Guven MA, Dilek U, Pata O, Dilek S, Ciragil P. Prevalance of Chlamydia trochomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis infections in the unexplained infertile women. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276(3):219–23.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Liang X, Gu T, Wang J, Cui H, Wei L. Relationship between ureaplasma urealyticum infection and ectopic pregnancy. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2007;42(6):370–3.PubMed
61.
Kasprzykowska U, Elias J, Elias M, Maczynska B, Sobieszczanska BM. Colonization of the lower urogenital tract with Ureaplasma parvum can cause asymptomatic infection of the upper reproductive system in women: a preliminary study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014;289(5):1129–34.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Ness RB, Kip KE, Hillier SL, Soper DE, Stamm CA, Sweet RL, et al. A cluster analysis of bacterial vaginosis-associated microflora and pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162(6):585–90.PubMedCrossRef
63.
64.
Gasanova TA. Parasitic diseases are a risk factor of inflammations of the small pelvis organs. Trichomoniasis. Med Parazitol (Mosk). 2002;1:3–8.
65.
Cherpes TL, Wiesenfeld HC, Melan MA, Kant JA, Cosentino LA, Meyn LA, et al. The associations between pelvic inflammatory disease, Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and positive herpes simplex virus type 2 serology. Sex Transm Dis. 2006;33(12):747–52.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Hammond TL, Hankins GD, Snyder RR. Transvaginal-peritoneal migration of Trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of ascites. A report of two cases. J Reprod Med. 1990;35(2):179–81.PubMed
67.
Suriyanon V, Nelson KE, Choomsai na Ayudhya V. Trichomonas vaginalis in a perinephric abscess. A case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1975;24(5):776–80.PubMed
68.
Paisarntantiwong R, Brockmann S, Clarke L, Landesman S, Feldman J, Minkoff H. The relationship of vaginal trichomoniasis and pelvic inflammatory disease among women colonized with Chlamydia trachomatis. Sex Transm Dis. 1995;22(6):344–7.PubMedCrossRef
69.
Coleman JS, Gaydos CA, Witter F. Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis in obstetrics and gynecology practice: new concepts and controversies. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013;68(1):43–50.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
70.
Fettweis JM, Serrano MG, Huang B, Brooks JP, Glascock AL, Sheth NU, et al. An emerging mycoplasma associated with trichomoniasis, vaginal infection and disease. PLoS One. 2014;9(10), e110943.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
71.
72.
Bashi S. Chlamydial genital infection. Saudi Med J. 1986;7:484–9.
73.
Bashi S, Siddique M, Al-Shawaf T. Chlamydial infection in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A sero-epidemiological survey. Saudi Med J. 1987;8:387–90.
74.
Ghazi HO, Daghestani MH, Mohamed MF. Seropositivity of Chlamydia trachomatis among saudi pregnant women in makkah. J Family Community Med. 2006;13(2):61–4.PubMedCentralPubMed
75.
Jamjoom GA, Gozar JC, Quli SK. Low rate of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from Saudi Obstretrics/Gynaecology Patients. Saudi Med J. 1994;15:143–6.
76.
Al-Gelban KS, Al-Shahrani MS, Al Sunaidi MI, Mostafa OA. Screening for Chlamydia genital infection among females undergoing in vitro fertilization in Saudi Arabia. The Medical Journal of Cairo University. 2010;78:251-256.
77.
Hossain A. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections in Saudi Arabia. J Trop Pediatr. 1989;35(4):171–4.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Hossain A, Bakir TM. Rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections: laboratory aspects of investigation of antenatal, congenital, persistent, and subclinical infections. J Trop Pediatr. 1989;35(5):225–9.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Ghazi HO, Telmesani AM, Mahomed MF. TORCH agents in pregnant Saudi women. Med Princ Pract. 2002;11(4):180–2.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Obeid OE. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and associated sociodemographic variables in pregnant women attending king fahd hospital of the university. J Family Community Med. 2007;14(1):3–7.PubMedCentralPubMed
81.
Refaat B, Ashshi AM, Batwa SA, El-Shemi AG. Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 in Saudi women with normal and abnormal early pregnancy: A case control study. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2014;8(40):3565–9.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Prevalence of 7 sexually transmitted organisms by multiplex real-time PCR in Fallopian tube specimens collected from Saudi women with and without ectopic pregnancy
Authors
Ahmed Mohamed Ashshi
Sarah Abdullah Batwa
Seham Yahia Kutbi
Faizah Ahmed Malibary
Mohamed Batwa
Bassem Refaat
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1313-1

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2015 Go to the issue

Research article

Tetrandrine reverses drug resistance in isoniazid and ethambutol dual drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates

Research article

Serotypes of group B streptococci in western Sweden and comparison with serotypes in two previous studies starting from 1988

Research article

Necrotizing fasciitis in patients with diabetes mellitus: clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality

Research article

Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit: crucial role of implementing hand hygiene among external consultants

Research article

Epidemiology and outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection and sepsis in a Norwegian county 1996–2011: an observational study

Research article

People with diagnosed HIV infection not attending for specialist clinical care: UK national review
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits