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01-12-2020 | Preterm Labor | Original Article

The periodontopathic bacteria in placenta, saliva and subgingival plaque of threatened preterm labor and preterm low birth weight cases: a longitudinal study in Japanese pregnant women

Authors: Changchang Ye, Sayaka Katagiri, Naoyuki Miyasaka, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Thatawee Khemwong, Toshiyuki Nagasawa, Yuichi Izumi

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 12/2020

Abstract

Objectives

This study determined the quantity of periodontopathic bacteria in saliva, subgingival plaque, and placenta on the threatened preterm labor (TPL) and preterm low birth weight (PLBW) subjects in order to identify specific periodontal pathogens with high association to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

We used real-time PCR with TaqMan probe and ELISA to detect the amount of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia in subgingival plaque, saliva, and placenta tissue, in addition to serum IgG titers against these bacteria in 28 patients with TPL and 36 healthy pregnant women.

Results

Thirteen of 64 births delivered PLBW infants. All 6 periodontopathic bacteria were detected in the placenta samples. The amount of F. nucleatum and detection frequency of T. denticola in placental samples was significantly higher in the TPL group than in the healthy group. Meanwhile, the age, anti-P. gingival IgG in serum, amount of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia in plaque samples, detection frequency of P. intermedia in saliva, and percentage of pocket probing depth ≥ 5 mm were higher in TPL-PLBW births than those in TPL-Healthy delivery (HD) group and/or in H-HD group. Ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of F. nucleatum in placental tissues was significantly associated with TPL, while the maternal age was significantly associated with PLBW in TPL.

Conclusion

Our findings suggested all 6 bacteria may access the placenta. The increased presence of F. nucleatum in placenta might be related to TPL, while advanced maternal age might be associated with PLBW in TPL.

Clinical relevance

Periodontal therapy should be applied to reduce the deep periodontal pocket sites and the colonization of periodontal pathogens in high-risk population.

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Title: The periodontopathic bacteria in placenta, saliva and subgingival plaque of threatened preterm labor and preterm low birth weight cases: a longitudinal study in Japanese pregnant women
Authors: Changchang Ye
Sayaka Katagiri
Naoyuki Miyasaka
Hiroaki Kobayashi
Thatawee Khemwong
Toshiyuki Nagasawa
Yuichi Izumi
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Preterm Labor
Periodontal Pathogens
Bleeding on Probing
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 12/2020
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03287-4

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The periodontopathic bacteria in placenta, saliva and subgingival plaque of threatened preterm labor and preterm low birth weight cases: a longitudinal study in Japanese pregnant women

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

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