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Open Access 01-02-2022 | Prediabetes | Original Contribution

Dairy product consumption and incident prediabetes in Dutch middle-aged adults: the Hoorn Studies prospective cohort

Authors: Isabel A. L. Slurink, Nicolette R. den Braver, Femke Rutters, Nina Kupper, Tom Smeets, Petra J. M. Elders, Joline W. J. Beulens, Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Our aim was to investigate prospective associations of consumption of total dairy and dairy types with incident prediabetes in a Dutch population-based study.

Methods

Two enrolment waves of the Hoorn Studies were harmonized, resulting in an analytic sample of 2262 participants without (pre-) diabetes at enrolment (mean age 56 ± 7.3 years; 50% male). Baseline dietary intake was assessed by validated food frequency questionnaires. Relative risks (RRs) were calculated between dairy, fermented dairy, milk, yogurt (all total/high/low fat), cream and ice cream and prediabetes. Additionally, substituting one serving/day of dairy types associated with prediabetes with alternative dairy types was analysed.

Results

During a mean 6.4 ± 0.7 years of follow-up, 810 participants (35.9%) developed prediabetes. High fat fermented dairy, cheese and high fat cheese were associated with a 17% (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.69–0.99, p_trend = 0.04), 14% (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73–1.02, p_trend = 0.04) and 21% (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66–0.94, p_trend = 0.01) lower risk of incident prediabetes, respectively, in top compared to bottom quartiles, after adjustment for confounders. High fat cheese consumption was continuously associated with lower prediabetes risk (RR_servings/day 0.94, 95% CI 0.88–1.00, p = 0.04). Total dairy and other dairy types were not associated with prediabetes risk in adjusted models, irrespective of fat content (RR ~ 1). Replacing high fat cheese with alternative dairy types was not associated with prediabetes risk.

Conclusion

The highest intake of high fat fermented dairy, cheese and high fat cheese were associated with a lower risk of prediabetes, whereas other dairy types were not associated. Cheese seems to be inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk, despite high levels of saturated fatty acids and sodium.

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Title: Dairy product consumption and incident prediabetes in Dutch middle-aged adults: the Hoorn Studies prospective cohort
Authors: Isabel A. L. Slurink
Nicolette R. den Braver
Femke Rutters
Nina Kupper
Tom Smeets
Petra J. M. Elders
Joline W. J. Beulens
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Publication date: 01-02-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Prediabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02626-9

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