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01-02-2022 | Obesity | Original Contribution

Parental high-fat high-sugar diet programming and hypothalamus adipose tissue axis in male Wistar rats

Authors: Helena César, Marcela Nascimento Sertorio, Esther Alves de Souza, Giovana Jamar, Aline Santamarina, Andrea Jucá, Breno Picin Casagrande, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Maternal nutrition during early development and paternal nutrition pre-conception can programme offspring health status. Hypothalamus adipose axis is a target of developmental programming, and paternal and maternal high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFS) may be an important factor that predisposes offspring to develop obesity later in life. This study aims to investigate Wistar rats’ maternal and paternal HFS differential contribution on the development, adiposity, and hypothalamic inflammation in male offspring from weaning until adulthood.

Methods

Male progenitors were fed a control diet (CD) or HFS for 10 weeks before mating. After mating, dams were fed CD or HFS only during pregnancy and lactation. Forming the following male offspring groups: CD—maternal and paternal CD; MH—maternal HFS and paternal CD; PH—maternal CD and paternal HFS; PMH—maternal and paternal HFS. After weaning, male offspring were fed CD until adulthood.

Results

Maternal HFS diet increased weight, visceral adiposity, and serum total cholesterol levels, and decreased hypothalamic weight in weanling male rats. In adult male offspring, maternal HFS increased weight, glucose levels, and hypothalamic NFκBp65. Paternal HFS diet lowered hypothalamic insulin receptor levels in weanling offspring and glucose and insulin levels in adult offspring. The combined effects of maternal and paternal HFS diets increased triacylglycerol, leptin levels, and hypothalamic inflammation in weanling rats, and increased visceral adiposity in adulthood.

Conclusion

Male offspring intake of CD diet after weaning reversed part of the effects of parental HFS diet during the perinatal period. However, maternal and paternal HFS diet affected adiposity and hypothalamic inflammation, which remained until adulthood.

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Title: Parental high-fat high-sugar diet programming and hypothalamus adipose tissue axis in male Wistar rats
Authors: Helena César
Marcela Nascimento Sertorio
Esther Alves de Souza
Giovana Jamar
Aline Santamarina
Andrea Jucá
Breno Picin Casagrande
Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
Publication date: 01-02-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Obesity
Obesity
Insulins
Lactation
Insulins
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02690-1

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