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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Prediabetes | Research

Sex-specific differences in myocardial glucose metabolic rate in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects

Authors: Elena Succurro, Patrizia Vizza, Francesco Cicone, Velia Cassano, Mattia Massimino, Federica Giofrè, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Maria Perticone, Angela Sciacqua, Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Pierangelo Veltri, Francesco Andreozzi, Giuseppe Lucio Cascini, Giorgio Sesti

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Evidence has shown that women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men with T2DM. Subjects with either T2DM or prediabetes exhibit myocardial insulin resistance, but it is still unsettled whether sex-related differences in myocardial insulin resistance occur in diabetic and prediabetic subjects.

Methods

We aimed to evaluate sex-related differences in myocardial glucose metabolic rate (MRGlu), assessed using dynamic PET with 18F-FDG combined with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 20), prediabetes (n = 11), and T2DM (n = 26).

Results

Women with prediabetes or T2DM exhibited greater relative differences in myocardial MRGlu than men with prediabetes or T2DM when compared with their NGT counterparts. As compared with women with NGT, those with prediabetes exhibited an age-adjusted 35% lower myocardial MRGlu value (P = 0.04) and women with T2DM a 74% lower value (P = 0.006), respectively. Conversely, as compared with men with NGT, men with T2DM exhibited a 40% lower myocardial MRGlu value (P = 0.004), while no significant difference was observed between men with NGT and prediabetes. The statistical test for interaction between sex and glucose tolerance on myocardial MRGlu (P < 0.0001) was significant suggesting a sex-specific association.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that deterioration of glucose homeostasis in women is associated with a greater impairment in myocardial glucose metabolism as compared with men. The sex-specific myocardial insulin resistance could be an important factor responsible for the greater effect of T2DM on the excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women than in men.
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Metadata
Title
Sex-specific differences in myocardial glucose metabolic rate in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects
Authors
Elena Succurro
Patrizia Vizza
Francesco Cicone
Velia Cassano
Mattia Massimino
Federica Giofrè
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino
Maria Perticone
Angela Sciacqua
Pietro Hiram Guzzi
Pierangelo Veltri
Francesco Andreozzi
Giuseppe Lucio Cascini
Giorgio Sesti
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02246-7

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