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08-12-2023 | Pleural Mesothelioma | Review Article

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Staging and Radiological Response Criteria in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Authors: Serafina Martella, Marco Maria Aiello, Valentina Bertaglia, Riccardo Cau, Nerina Denaro, Andrea Cadoni, Silvia Novello, Mario Scartozzi, Giuseppe Novello, Hector Josè Soto Parra, Luca Saba, Cinzia Solinas, Michele Porcu

Published in: Targeted Oncology | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and challenging cancer associated with asbestos fiber exposure, which offers limited treatment options. Historically, platinum-based chemotherapy has been the primary approach, but recent developments have introduced immunotherapy as a promising alternative for the treatment of this disease. Nevertheless, the unique growth patterns and occasionally ambiguous progressive characteristics of MPM make the interpretation of radiological assessments complex. Immunotherapy further complicates matters by introducing unconventional treatment response patterns such as hyperprogression and pseudoprogression. Consequently, there is a growing imperative to integrate the standard RECIST criteria with the mesothelioma-specific mRECIST criteria (version 1.1), as outlined in iRECIST. This comprehensive review is driven by the intent to provide a valuable resource for radiologists and clinicians engaged in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of MPM in the era of immunotherapy. Specifically, the current imaging methods employed for staging and follow-up will be exposed and discussed, with a focus on the technical specificities and the mRECIST 1.1 methodology. Furthermore, we will provide a discussion about major clinical trials related to the use of immunotherapy in MPM patients. Finally, the latest advancements in radiomics, the applications of artificial intelligence in MPM, and their potential impact on clinical practice for prognosis and therapy, are discussed.

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Title: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Staging and Radiological Response Criteria in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Serafina Martella
Marco Maria Aiello
Valentina Bertaglia
Riccardo Cau
Nerina Denaro
Andrea Cadoni
Silvia Novello
Mario Scartozzi
Giuseppe Novello
Hector Josè Soto Parra
Luca Saba
Cinzia Solinas
Michele Porcu
Publication date: 08-12-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Pleural Mesothelioma
Pleural Mesothelioma
Checkpoint Inhibitors
Computed Tomography
Computed Tomography
Published in: Targeted Oncology / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 1776-2596
Electronic ISSN: 1776-260X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-023-01017-w

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Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer