Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Abdominal Radiology 6/2015

01-08-2015 | Pictorial Essay

PET/MRI for the body imager: abdominal and pelvic oncologic applications

Authors: Tyler J. Fraum, Kathryn J. Fowler, Jon McConathy, Ephraim E. Parent, Farrokh Dehdashti, Perry W. Grigsby, Barry A. Siegel

Published in: Abdominal Radiology | Issue 6/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

The purpose of this pictorial review is to describe emerging clinical applications of positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the newest clinical hybrid imaging modality, with a specific focus on abdominal and pelvic malignancies. Important issues regarding the clinical implementation of PET/MRI systems, including workflow considerations and protocol development, are examined. The unique technical challenges of simultaneous PET/MRI acquisition and MRI-based attenuation correction are also briefly discussed. This article is intended to provide the body imager with an overview of the potential diagnostic advantages of PET/MRI, as compared to PET/CT or MRI alone.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Delso G, Ziegler S (2009) PET/MRI system design. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36:86–92CrossRef Delso G, Ziegler S (2009) PET/MRI system design. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36:86–92CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Kalemis A, Delattre BMA, Heinzer S (2013) Sequential whole-body PET/MR scanner: concept, clinical use, and optimisation after two years in the clinic. the manufacturer’s perspective. Magn Reson Mater Phys Biol Med 26:5–23CrossRef Kalemis A, Delattre BMA, Heinzer S (2013) Sequential whole-body PET/MR scanner: concept, clinical use, and optimisation after two years in the clinic. the manufacturer’s perspective. Magn Reson Mater Phys Biol Med 26:5–23CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Zaidi H, Del Guerra A (2011) An outlook on future design of hybrid PET/MRI systems. Med Phys 38:5667PubMedCrossRef Zaidi H, Del Guerra A (2011) An outlook on future design of hybrid PET/MRI systems. Med Phys 38:5667PubMedCrossRef
4.
5.
go back to reference Lecomte R, Cadorette J, Rodrigue S, et al. (1996) Initial results from the sherbrooke avalanche photodiode positron tomograph. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 43:1952–1957CrossRef Lecomte R, Cadorette J, Rodrigue S, et al. (1996) Initial results from the sherbrooke avalanche photodiode positron tomograph. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 43:1952–1957CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Catana C, Wu Y, Judenhofer M (2006) Simultaneous acquisition of multislice PET and MR images: initial results with a MR-compatible PET scanner. J Nucl 1968–1976 Catana C, Wu Y, Judenhofer M (2006) Simultaneous acquisition of multislice PET and MR images: initial results with a MR-compatible PET scanner. J Nucl 1968–1976
7.
go back to reference Yoon HS, Ko GB, Kwon S, et al. (2012) Initial results of simultaneous PET/MRI experiments with an MRI-compatible silicon photomultiplier PET scanner. J Nucl Med 53:608–614PubMedCrossRef Yoon HS, Ko GB, Kwon S, et al. (2012) Initial results of simultaneous PET/MRI experiments with an MRI-compatible silicon photomultiplier PET scanner. J Nucl Med 53:608–614PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Thompson CJ, Paus T, Clancy R (1998) Magnetic shielding requirements for PET detectors during transcranial magnetic stimulation. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci . doi:10.1109/23.682021 Thompson CJ, Paus T, Clancy R (1998) Magnetic shielding requirements for PET detectors during transcranial magnetic stimulation. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci . doi:10.​1109/​23.​682021
9.
go back to reference Hong SJ, Song IC, Ito M, et al. (2008) An investigation into the use of geiger-mode solid-state photomultipliers for simultaneous PET and MRI acquisition. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 55:882–888CrossRef Hong SJ, Song IC, Ito M, et al. (2008) An investigation into the use of geiger-mode solid-state photomultipliers for simultaneous PET and MRI acquisition. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 55:882–888CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Leibfarth S, Mönnich D, Welz S, et al. (2013) A strategy for multimodal deformable image registration to integrate PET/MR into radiotherapy treatment planning. Acta Oncol 52:1353–1359PubMedCrossRef Leibfarth S, Mönnich D, Welz S, et al. (2013) A strategy for multimodal deformable image registration to integrate PET/MR into radiotherapy treatment planning. Acta Oncol 52:1353–1359PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Schreibmann E, Nye JA, Schuster DM, et al. (2010) MR-based attenuation correction for hybrid PET-MR brain imaging systems using deformable image registration. Med Phys 37:2101–2109PubMedCrossRef Schreibmann E, Nye JA, Schuster DM, et al. (2010) MR-based attenuation correction for hybrid PET-MR brain imaging systems using deformable image registration. Med Phys 37:2101–2109PubMedCrossRef
12.
13.
go back to reference Würslin C, Schmidt H, Martirosian P, et al. (2013) Respiratory motion correction in oncologic PET using T1-weighted MR imaging on a simultaneous whole-body PET/MR system. J Nucl Med 54:464–471PubMedCrossRef Würslin C, Schmidt H, Martirosian P, et al. (2013) Respiratory motion correction in oncologic PET using T1-weighted MR imaging on a simultaneous whole-body PET/MR system. J Nucl Med 54:464–471PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Kolbitsch C, Prieto C, Tsoumpas C, et al. (2014) A 3D MR-acquisition scheme for nonrigid bulk motion correction in simultaneous PET-MR. Med Phys 41:082304PubMedCrossRef Kolbitsch C, Prieto C, Tsoumpas C, et al. (2014) A 3D MR-acquisition scheme for nonrigid bulk motion correction in simultaneous PET-MR. Med Phys 41:082304PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Pépin A, Daouk J, Bailly P, et al. (2014) Management of respiratory motion in PET/computed tomography: the state of the art. Nucl Med Commun 35:113–122PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Pépin A, Daouk J, Bailly P, et al. (2014) Management of respiratory motion in PET/computed tomography: the state of the art. Nucl Med Commun 35:113–122PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Rakheja R, DeMello L, Chandarana H, et al. (2013) Comparison of the accuracy of PET/CT and PET/MRI spatial registration of multiple metastatic lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 201:1120–1123PubMedCrossRef Rakheja R, DeMello L, Chandarana H, et al. (2013) Comparison of the accuracy of PET/CT and PET/MRI spatial registration of multiple metastatic lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 201:1120–1123PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Hofmann M, Bezrukov I, Mantlik F, et al. (2011) MRI-based attenuation correction for whole-body PET/MRI: quantitative evaluation of segmentation- and atlas-based methods. J Nucl Med 52:1392–1399PubMedCrossRef Hofmann M, Bezrukov I, Mantlik F, et al. (2011) MRI-based attenuation correction for whole-body PET/MRI: quantitative evaluation of segmentation- and atlas-based methods. J Nucl Med 52:1392–1399PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Hofmann M, Steinke F, Scheel V, et al. (2008) MRI-based attenuation correction for PET/MRI: a novel approach combining pattern recognition and atlas registration. J Nucl Med 49:1875–1883PubMedCrossRef Hofmann M, Steinke F, Scheel V, et al. (2008) MRI-based attenuation correction for PET/MRI: a novel approach combining pattern recognition and atlas registration. J Nucl Med 49:1875–1883PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Fowler KJ, McConathy J, Narra VR (2014) Whole-body simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)-MR: optimization and adaptation of MRI sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 39:259–268PubMedCrossRef Fowler KJ, McConathy J, Narra VR (2014) Whole-body simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)-MR: optimization and adaptation of MRI sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 39:259–268PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Keereman V, Fierens Y, Broux T, et al. (2010) MRI-based attenuation correction for PET/MRI using ultrashort echo time sequences. J Nucl Med 51:812–818PubMedCrossRef Keereman V, Fierens Y, Broux T, et al. (2010) MRI-based attenuation correction for PET/MRI using ultrashort echo time sequences. J Nucl Med 51:812–818PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Drzezga A, Souvatzoglou M, Eiber M, et al. (2012) First clinical experience with integrated whole-body PET/MR: comparison to PET/CT in patients with oncologic diagnoses. J Nucl Med 53:845–855PubMedCrossRef Drzezga A, Souvatzoglou M, Eiber M, et al. (2012) First clinical experience with integrated whole-body PET/MR: comparison to PET/CT in patients with oncologic diagnoses. J Nucl Med 53:845–855PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Tian J, Fu L, Yin D, et al. (2014) Does the novel integrated PET/MRI offer the same diagnostic performance as PET/CT for oncological indications? PLoS One 9:e90844PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Tian J, Fu L, Yin D, et al. (2014) Does the novel integrated PET/MRI offer the same diagnostic performance as PET/CT for oncological indications? PLoS One 9:e90844PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Heusch P, Nensa F, Schaarschmidt B, et al. (2014) Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body PET/MRI and whole-body PET/CT for TNM staging in oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. doi:10.1007/s00259-014-2885-5 Heusch P, Nensa F, Schaarschmidt B, et al. (2014) Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body PET/MRI and whole-body PET/CT for TNM staging in oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. doi:10.​1007/​s00259-014-2885-5
25.
go back to reference Aznar MC, Sersar R, Saabye J, et al. (2014) Whole-body PET/MRI: the effect of bone attenuation during MR-based attenuation correction in oncology imaging. Eur J Radiol 83:1177–1183PubMedCrossRef Aznar MC, Sersar R, Saabye J, et al. (2014) Whole-body PET/MRI: the effect of bone attenuation during MR-based attenuation correction in oncology imaging. Eur J Radiol 83:1177–1183PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Izquierdo-Garcia D, Sawiak SJ, Knesaurek K, et al. (2014) Comparison of MR-based attenuation correction and CT-based attenuation correction of whole-body PET/MR imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 41:1574–1584PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Izquierdo-Garcia D, Sawiak SJ, Knesaurek K, et al. (2014) Comparison of MR-based attenuation correction and CT-based attenuation correction of whole-body PET/MR imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 41:1574–1584PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Eiber M, Takei T, Souvatzoglou M, et al. (2014) Performance of whole-body integrated 18F-FDG PET/MR in comparison to PET/CT for evaluation of malignant bone lesions. J Nucl Med 55:191–197PubMedCrossRef Eiber M, Takei T, Souvatzoglou M, et al. (2014) Performance of whole-body integrated 18F-FDG PET/MR in comparison to PET/CT for evaluation of malignant bone lesions. J Nucl Med 55:191–197PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Ferguson A, McConathy J, Su Y, Hewing D, Laforest R (2014) Attenuation Effects of MR Headphones During Brain PET/MR Studies. J Nucl Med Technol 42:93–100PubMedCrossRef Ferguson A, McConathy J, Su Y, Hewing D, Laforest R (2014) Attenuation Effects of MR Headphones During Brain PET/MR Studies. J Nucl Med Technol 42:93–100PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Von Schulthess GK, Veit-Haibach P (2014) Workflow Considerations in PET/MR Imaging. J Nucl Med 55:19S–24SCrossRef Von Schulthess GK, Veit-Haibach P (2014) Workflow Considerations in PET/MR Imaging. J Nucl Med 55:19S–24SCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Gu J, Chan T, Zhang J, et al. (2011) Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging: the added value to whole-body MRI at initial diagnosis of lymphoma. Am J Roentgenol. doi:10.2214/AJR.10.5692 Gu J, Chan T, Zhang J, et al. (2011) Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging: the added value to whole-body MRI at initial diagnosis of lymphoma. Am J Roentgenol. doi:10.​2214/​AJR.​10.​5692
32.
go back to reference Abdulqadhr G, Molin D, Aström G, et al. (2011) Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging compared with FDG-PET/CT in staging of lymphoma patients. Acta Radiol 52:173–180PubMedCrossRef Abdulqadhr G, Molin D, Aström G, et al. (2011) Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging compared with FDG-PET/CT in staging of lymphoma patients. Acta Radiol 52:173–180PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Siegel MJ, Jokerst CE, Rajderkar D, et al. (2014) Diffusion-weighted MRI for staging and evaluation of response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a pilot study. NMR Biomed 27:681–691PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Siegel MJ, Jokerst CE, Rajderkar D, et al. (2014) Diffusion-weighted MRI for staging and evaluation of response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a pilot study. NMR Biomed 27:681–691PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Shin SS, Jeong YY, Min JJ, et al. (2008) Preoperative staging of colorectal cancer: CT vs. integrated FDG PET/CT. Abdom Imaging 33:270–277PubMedCrossRef Shin SS, Jeong YY, Min JJ, et al. (2008) Preoperative staging of colorectal cancer: CT vs. integrated FDG PET/CT. Abdom Imaging 33:270–277PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Olsen JR, Esthappan J, Dewees T, et al. (2013) Tumor volume and subvolume concordance between FDG-PET/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. J Magn Reson Imaging 37:431–434PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Olsen JR, Esthappan J, Dewees T, et al. (2013) Tumor volume and subvolume concordance between FDG-PET/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. J Magn Reson Imaging 37:431–434PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Ho KC, Lin G, Wang JJ, et al. (2009) Correlation of apparent diffusion coefficients measured by 3T diffusion-weighted MRI and SUV from FDG PET/CT in primary cervical cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36:200–208PubMedCrossRef Ho KC, Lin G, Wang JJ, et al. (2009) Correlation of apparent diffusion coefficients measured by 3T diffusion-weighted MRI and SUV from FDG PET/CT in primary cervical cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36:200–208PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Fosse P, Girault S, Hoareau J, et al. (2013) Unusual uptake of 18FDG by a hepatic adenoma. Clin Nucl Med 38:135–136PubMedCrossRef Fosse P, Girault S, Hoareau J, et al. (2013) Unusual uptake of 18FDG by a hepatic adenoma. Clin Nucl Med 38:135–136PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Iyer RB, Balachandran A, Devine CE (2007) PET/CT and cross sectional imaging of gynecologic malignancy. Cancer Imaging 7 Spec No A:S130–S138PubMedCrossRef Iyer RB, Balachandran A, Devine CE (2007) PET/CT and cross sectional imaging of gynecologic malignancy. Cancer Imaging 7 Spec No A:S130–S138PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Dujardin M, Vandenbroucke F, Boulet C, et al. (2008) Indications for body MRI Part I. Upper abdomen and renal imaging. Eur J Radiol 65:214–221PubMedCrossRef Dujardin M, Vandenbroucke F, Boulet C, et al. (2008) Indications for body MRI Part I. Upper abdomen and renal imaging. Eur J Radiol 65:214–221PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Attariwala R, Picker W (2013) Whole body MRI: improved lesion detection and characterization with diffusion weighted techniques. J Magn Reson Imaging 38:253–268PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Attariwala R, Picker W (2013) Whole body MRI: improved lesion detection and characterization with diffusion weighted techniques. J Magn Reson Imaging 38:253–268PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
41.
42.
go back to reference Donati OF, Hany TF, Reiner CS, et al. (2010) Value of retrospective fusion of PET and MR images in detection of hepatic metastases: comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. J Nucl Med 51:692–699PubMedCrossRef Donati OF, Hany TF, Reiner CS, et al. (2010) Value of retrospective fusion of PET and MR images in detection of hepatic metastases: comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. J Nucl Med 51:692–699PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Kitajima K, Suenaga Y, Ueno Y, et al. (2013) Value of fusion of PET and MRI for staging of endometrial cancer: comparison with 18F-FDG contrast-enhanced PET/CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced pelvic MRI. Eur J Radiol 82:1672–1676PubMedCrossRef Kitajima K, Suenaga Y, Ueno Y, et al. (2013) Value of fusion of PET and MRI for staging of endometrial cancer: comparison with 18F-FDG contrast-enhanced PET/CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced pelvic MRI. Eur J Radiol 82:1672–1676PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Kitajima K, Suenaga Y, Ueno Y, et al. (2014) Fusion of PET and MRI for staging of uterine cervical cancer: comparison with contrast-enhanced (18)F-FDG PET/CT and pelvic MRI. Clin Imaging 38:464–469PubMedCrossRef Kitajima K, Suenaga Y, Ueno Y, et al. (2014) Fusion of PET and MRI for staging of uterine cervical cancer: comparison with contrast-enhanced (18)F-FDG PET/CT and pelvic MRI. Clin Imaging 38:464–469PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
PET/MRI for the body imager: abdominal and pelvic oncologic applications
Authors
Tyler J. Fraum
Kathryn J. Fowler
Jon McConathy
Ephraim E. Parent
Farrokh Dehdashti
Perry W. Grigsby
Barry A. Siegel
Publication date
01-08-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Abdominal Radiology / Issue 6/2015
Print ISSN: 2366-004X
Electronic ISSN: 2366-0058
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0390-3

Other articles of this Issue 6/2015

Abdominal Radiology 6/2015 Go to the issue

Classics in Abdominal Imaging

The onion ring sign

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.