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American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs
Published in: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 4/2006

01-07-2006 | Review Article

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Agonists for Management and Prevention of Vascular Disease in Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus

Authors: Ramón Ríos-Vázquez, Raquel Marzoa-Rivas, Ignacio Gil-Ortega, Professor Juan Carlos Kaski

Published in: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs | Issue 4/2006

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Abstract

Inflammation is known to have a pathogenic role in atherosclerosis and the genesis of acute coronary syndromes. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, which is expressed in many constituent cells of atheromatous plaques, inhibits the activation of several proinflammatory genes responsible for atheromatous plaque development and maturation. Agonists of this receptor, such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, are currently available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and several lines of evidence have shown that these drugs have antiatherogenic effects. Insulin resistance is associated with inflammation and has a key role in atherogenesis. The antiatherogenic and insulin sensitizing effects of the thiazolidinediones in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be associated with this action. However, in recent years there has been growing evidence that the antiatherogenic effects of PPAR-γ agonists are not confined to patients with diabetes mellitus. PPAR-γ agonists have been shown to downregulate the expression of endothelial activation markers, reduce circulating platelet activity, improve flow-mediated dilatation and attenuate atheromatous plaque progression in patients without diabetes mellitus. These effects of PPAR-γ agonists appear to result from both insulin sensitization and a direct modulation of transcriptional activity in the vessel wall. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of PPAR-γ agonists in atherogenesis and discusses their potential role in the treatment of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in nondiabetic patients.
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Metadata
Title
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Agonists for Management and Prevention of Vascular Disease in Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors
Ramón Ríos-Vázquez
Raquel Marzoa-Rivas
Ignacio Gil-Ortega
Professor Juan Carlos Kaski
Publication date
01-07-2006
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs / Issue 4/2006
Print ISSN: 1175-3277
Electronic ISSN: 1179-187X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00129784-200606040-00003

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