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Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 1/2021

01-03-2021 | Ovarian Cancer | Clinical

The role of caspase-8 in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer

Authors: Izabela Kostova, Ranadip Mandal, Sven Becker, Klaus Strebhardt

Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Caspase-8 is an aspartate-specific cysteine protease, which is best known for its apoptotic functions. Caspase-8 is placed at central nodes of multiple signal pathways, regulating not only the cell cycle but also the invasive and metastatic cell behavior, the immune cell homeostasis and cytokine production, which are the two major components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Ovarian cancer often has dysregulated caspase-8 expression, leading to imbalance between its apoptotic and non-apoptotic functions within the tumor and the surrounding milieu. The downregulation of caspase-8 in ovarian cancer seems to be linked to high aggressiveness with chronic inflammation, immunoediting, and immune resistance. Caspase-8 plays therefore an essential role not only in the primary tumor cells but also in the TME by regulating the immune response, B and T lymphocyte activation, and macrophage differentiation and polarization. The switch between M1 and M2 macrophages is possibly associated with changes in the caspase-8 expression. In this review, we are discussing the non-apoptotic functions of caspase-8, highlighting this protein as a modulator of the immune response and the cytokine composition in the TME. Considering the low survival rate among ovarian cancer patients, it is urgently necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies to optimize the response to the standard treatment. The TME is highly heterogenous and provides a variety of opportunities for new drug targets. Given the variety of roles of caspase-8 in the TME, we should focus on this protein in the development of new therapeutic strategies against the TME of ovarian cancer.
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Metadata
Title
The role of caspase-8 in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer
Authors
Izabela Kostova
Ranadip Mandal
Sven Becker
Klaus Strebhardt
Publication date
01-03-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-020-09935-1

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