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Open Access 01-12-2020 | Ovarian Cancer | Primary research

Identification of PKP 2/3 as potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer based on bioinformatics and experiments

Authors: Lingling Gao, Xiao Li, Qian Guo, Xin Nie, Yingying Hao, Qing Liu, Juanjuan Liu, Liancheng Zhu, Limei Yan, Bei Lin

Published in: Cancer Cell International | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Background

Plakophilins (PKPs) are widely involved in gene transcription, translation, and signal transduction, playing a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the function and potential mechanism of PKP1/2/3 in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. It’s of great value to explore the expression and prognostic values of PKP1/2/3 and their potential mechanisms, immune infiltration in OC.

Methods

The expression levels, prognostic values and genetic variations of PKP1/2/3 in OC were explored by various bioinformatics tools and databases, and PKP2/3 were selected for further analyzing their regulation network and immune infiltration. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (KEGG) enrichment were also conducted. Finally, the expression and prognosis of PKP2 were validated by immunohistochemistry.

Results

The expression level and prognosis of PKP1 showed little significance in ovarian cancer, and the expression of PKP2/3 mRNA and protein were upregulated in OC, showing significant correlations with poor prognosis of OC. Functional enrichment analysis showed that PKP2/3 and their correlated genes were significantly enriched in adaptive immune response, cytokine receptor activity, organization of cell–cell junction and extracellular matrix; KEGG analysis showed that PKP2/3 and their significantly correlated genes were involved in signaling pathways including cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, receptor signaling pathway and pathways in cancer. Moreover, PKP2/3 were correlated with lymphocytes and immunomodulators. We confirmed that high expression of PKP2 was significantly associated with advanced stage, poor differentiation and poor prognosis of OC patients.

Conclusion

Members of plakophilins family showed various degrees of abnormal expressions and prognostic values in ovarian cancer. PKP2/3 played crucial roles in tumorigenesis, aggressiveness, malignant biological behavior and immune infiltration of OC, and can be regarded as potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in OC.

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Title: Identification of PKP 2/3 as potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer based on bioinformatics and experiments
Authors: Lingling Gao
Xiao Li
Qian Guo
Xin Nie
Yingying Hao
Qing Liu
Juanjuan Liu
Liancheng Zhu
Limei Yan
Bei Lin
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Biomarkers
Published in: Cancer Cell International / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2867
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-020-01602-3

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