Top

Clinical Oral Investigations

Published in:

01-07-2013 | Original Article

Ontogenetic changes of craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome patients treated with growth hormone

Authors: Jovana Juloski, Branislav Glisic, Ivana Scepan, Jelena Milasin, Katarina Mitrovic, Marko Babic

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 6/2013

Abstract

Objective

The present study assessed changes of craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome (TS) patients treated with growth hormone (GH) during development. The objective was to examine the growth rate and pattern of craniofacial structures and to establish effects of GH on craniofacial development.

Materials and methods

The study population consisted of 15 TS patients treated with GH aged 5–18.5 years (13.3 ± 4.4) and corresponding control group of 45 females aged 6.8–18.7 (11.4 ± 2.6). According to the stage of cervical vertebral maturation, subjects were categorized into pre-growth (5 TS and 15 controls) and growth (10 TS and 30 controls) subgroups. The cephalometric analysis comprised angular and linear variables, measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs.

Results

The mandibular corpus/anterior cranial base ratio increased significantly only in controls during development. In growth period, ramus/corpus ratio was significantly larger in TS group. SNA and SNB angles were significantly smaller in TS growth subgroup compared to corresponding controls. Among other variables, no statistically significant differences were revealed.

Conclusions

In TS patients treated with GH, growth capacities of cranial base and maxilla are adequate which can be attributed to GH treatment. Shape of mandible is altered due to decreased growth of corpus and overdeveloped ramus. Both maxillary and mandibular retrognathism are becoming more expressed during development.

Clinical relevance

Favorable influence of GH on craniofacial complex growth rate and altered growth pattern revealed in this study should be considered while planning both orthodontic treatment and retention.

Nielsen J, Wohlert M (1991) Chromosome abnormalities found among 34,910 newborn children: results from a 13-year incidence study in Arhus, Denmark. Hum Genet 87:81–83PubMedCrossRef

Damnjanovic T, Novakovic I, Milasin J, Bunjevacki V, Jekic B, Cvijeticanin S, Lukovic L (2007) X chromosome imprinting in Turner syndrome. Korean J Genetics 29:291–295

Djordjevic VA, Jovanovic JV, Pavkovic-Lucic SB, Drakulic DD, Djurovic MM, Gotic MD (2010) Cytogenetic findings in Serbian patients with Turner’s syndrome stigmata. Genet Mol Res 9:2213–2221PubMedCrossRef

Ranke MB (1990) An introduction to Turner’s syndrome. Oxford Clinical Communications, Oxford

Ogata T, Matsuo N (1995) Turner syndrome and female sex chromosome aberrations: deduction of the principal factors involved in the development of clinical features. Hum Genet 95:607–629PubMedCrossRef

Munns CJ, Haase HR, Crowther LM, Hayes MT, Blaschke R, Rappold G, Glass IA, Batch JA (2004) Expression of SHOX in human fetal and childhood growth plate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:4130–4135PubMedCrossRef

Ogata T, Matsuo N, Nishimura G (2001) SHOX haploinsufficiency and overdosage: impact of gonadal function status. J Med Genet 38:1–6PubMedCrossRef

Clement-Jones M, Schiller S, Rao E, Blaschke RJ, Zuniga A, Zeller R, Robson SC, Binder G, Glass I, Strachan T, Lindsay S, Rappold GA (2000) The short stature homeobox gene SHOX is involved in skeletal abnormalities in Turner syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 9:695–702PubMedCrossRef

Jensen BL (1985) Craniofacial morphology in Turner syndrome. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 5:327–340PubMed

10.

Babic M, Micic M, Jaksic N, Micic S (1991) An extra X chromosome effect on craniofacial morphogenesis in men. Eur J Orthod 13:329–332PubMedCrossRef

11.

Babic M, Scepan I, Micic M (1993) Comparative cephalometric analysis in patients with X-chromosome aneuploidy. Arch Oral Biol 38:179–183PubMedCrossRef

12.

Midtbo M, Wisth PJ, Halse A (1996) Craniofacial morphology in young patients with Turner syndrome. Eur J Orthod 18:215–225PubMed

13.

Babic M, Glisic B, Scepan I (1997) Mandibular growth pattern in Turner’s syndrome. Eur J Orthod 19:161–164PubMedCrossRef

14.

Gron M, Pietila K, Alvesalo L (1999) The craniofacial complex in 45, X/46, XX females. Arch Oral Biol 44:1077–1084PubMedCrossRef

15.

Perkiomaki MR, Kyrkanides S, Niinimaa A, Alvesalo L (2005) The relationship of distinct craniofacial features between Turner syndrome females and their parents. Eur J Orthod 27:48–52PubMedCrossRef

16.

Dumancic J, Kaic Z, Varga ML, Lauc T, Dumic M, Milosevic SA, Brkic H (2010) Characteristics of the craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome. Arch Oral Biol 55:81–88PubMedCrossRef

17.

Andersen E, Sonnesen L, Kjaer MS, Fischer Hansen B, Kjaer I (2000) The prenatal cranial base complex and hand in Turner syndrome. Eur J Orthod 22:185–194PubMedCrossRef

18.

Brook CG, Murset G, Zachmann M, Prader A (1974) Growth in children with 45, XO Turner’s syndrome. Arch Dis Child 49:789–795PubMedCrossRef

19.

Davenport ML, Punyasavatsut N, Stewart PW, Gunther DF, Savendahl L, Sybert VP (2002) Growth failure in early life: an important manifestation of Turner syndrome. Horm Res 57:157–164PubMedCrossRef

20.

Saenger P, Wikland KA, Conway GS, Davenport M, Gravholt CH, Hintz R, Hovatta O, Hultcrantz M, Landin-Wilhelmsen K, Lin A, Lippe B, Pasquino AM, Ranke MB, Rosenfeld R, Silberbach M (2001) Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Turner syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:3061–3069PubMedCrossRef

21.

Bondy CA (2007) Care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: a guideline of the Turner Syndrome Study Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:10–25PubMedCrossRef

22.

Kjellberg H, Wikland KA (2007) A longitudinal study of craniofacial growth in idiopathic short stature and growth hormone-deficient boys treated with growth hormone. Eur J Orthod 29:243–250PubMedCrossRef

23.

Funatsu M, Sato K, Mitani H (2006) Effects of growth hormone on craniofacial growth. Angle Orthod 76:970–977PubMedCrossRef

24.

van Erum R, Mulier M, Carels C, Verbeke G, de Zegher F (1997) Craniofacial growth in short children born small for gestational age: effect of growth hormone treatment. J Dent Res 76:1579–1586PubMedCrossRef

25.

Forsberg CM, Krekmanova L, Dahllof G (2002) The effect of growth hormone therapy on mandibular and cranial base development in children treated with total body irradiation. Eur J Orthod 24:285–292PubMedCrossRef

26.

Hass AD, Simmons KE, Davenport ML, Proffit WR (2001) The effect of growth hormone on craniofacial growth and dental maturation in Turner syndrome. Angle Orthod 71:50–59PubMed

27.

Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA (2005) The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics. Semin Orthod 11:119–129CrossRef

28.

Enlow DH, Hans MG (1996) The plan of the human face. In: Essentials of facial growth. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp 146–165

Title: Ontogenetic changes of craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome patients treated with growth hormone
Authors: Jovana Juloski
Branislav Glisic
Ivana Scepan
Jelena Milasin
Katarina Mitrovic
Marko Babic
Publication date: 01-07-2013
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 6/2013
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0844-8

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Ontogenetic changes of craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome patients treated with growth hormone

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 6/2013

A novel three-dimensional bone chip organ culture

Three-rooted premolar analyzed by high-resolution and cone beam CT

Detection of artificial demineralization bordering different types of laminate veneers using visual inspection and storage phosphor radiography

The influence of parotid gland sparing on radiation damages of dental hard tissues

The potential association between gingival crevicular fluid inflammatory mediators and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review

Bonding and sealing ability of a new self-adhering flowable composite resin in class I restorations