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Published in: Gut Pathogens 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Obesity | Research

Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation

Authors: Mohamed Mokrani, Kamel Charradi, Ferid Limam, Ezzedine Aouani, Maria C. Urdaci

Published in: Gut Pathogens | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity.

Objective

This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE), and/or orlistat on obese rats fed with high fat diet by targeting GM modulations. The impact of treatments was also studied in non-obese rats.

Material and methods

Rats were rendered obese or kept with a standard diet for three months. Then they were treated either with GSSE or orlistat or with the combined treatment (GSOR) during three months and then sacrificed. Adipose tissues, blood and faeces were collected and analyzed.

Results

In obese rats and to a lesser extent in non-obese rats, treatments decreased the weight of various adipose tissues and the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, lipase, and CRP and increased HDL and adiponectin. GSOR treatment was even more efficient that orlistat. Obese rats had less GM diversity than non-obese rats and orlistat reduced it even more. However, diversity was restored with GSSE and GSOR treatments. Potential pathogenic Streptococcus alactolyticus/gallolyticus species were greatly increased in obese rats and drastically reduced with the treatments, as wells as other potential pathobionts.

Conclusions

GSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats.
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Metadata
Title
Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation
Authors
Mohamed Mokrani
Kamel Charradi
Ferid Limam
Ezzedine Aouani
Maria C. Urdaci
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Gut Pathogens / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1757-4749
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0

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The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.