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Open Access 01-12-2022 | NSCLC | Review

Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin as a novel biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy prediction in human diseases

Authors: Yanxia Jin, Weidong Wang, Qiyun Wang, Yueyang Zhang, Kashif Rafiq Zahid, Umar Raza, Yongsheng Gong

Published in: Cancer Cell International | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

The glycoprotein alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT), a serine protease inhibitor, is mainly synthesized in the liver and then secreted into the blood and is involved in the acute phase response, inflammation, and proteolysis. The dysregulation of AACT and its glycosylation levels are associated with tumor progression and recurrence, and could be used as a biomarker for tumor monitoring. In this review, we summarized the expression level, glycosylation modification, and biological characteristics of AACT during inflammation, neurodegenerative or other elderly diseases, and tumorigenesis, as well as, focused on the biological roles of AACT in cancer. The aberrant expression of AACT in cancer might be due to genetic alterations and/or immune by bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, AACT may serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in tumors. Furthermore, we found that the expression of AACT was associated with the overall survival of patients with human cancers. Decreased AACT expression was associated with poor survival in patients with liver cancer, increased AACT expression was associated with shorter survival in patients with pancreatic cancer, and decreased AACT expression was associated with shorter survival in patients with early lung cancer. The review confirmed the key roles of AACT in tumorigenesis, suggesting that the glycoprotein AACT may serve as a biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, and could be a potential therapeutic target for human diseases.

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Title: Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin as a novel biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy prediction in human diseases
Authors: Yanxia Jin
Weidong Wang
Qiyun Wang
Yueyang Zhang
Kashif Rafiq Zahid
Umar Raza
Yongsheng Gong
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: NSCLC
Lung Cancer
Lung Cancer
NSCLC
Lung Cancer
Biomarkers
Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Published in: Cancer Cell International / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2867
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-022-02572-4

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