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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Multiple Sclerosis | Review

Aberrant DNA methylation profile exacerbates inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis patients

Authors: Naiara Celarain, Jordi Tomas-Roig

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterised by incoordination, sensory loss, weakness, changes in bladder capacity and bowel function, fatigue and cognitive impairment, creating a significant socioeconomic burden. The pathogenesis of MS involves both genetic susceptibility and exposure to distinct environmental risk factors. The gene x environment interaction is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetics refers to a complex system that modifies gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. The most studied epigenetic mechanism is DNA methylation. This epigenetic mark participates in distinct MS pathophysiological processes, including blood–brain barrier breakdown, inflammatory response, demyelination, remyelination failure and neurodegeneration. In this study, we also accurately summarised a list of environmental factors involved in the MS pathogenesis and its clinical course. A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE through PubMED and Scopus. In conclusion, an exhaustive study of DNA methylation might contribute towards new pharmacological interventions in MS by use of epigenetic drugs.
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Metadata
Title
Aberrant DNA methylation profile exacerbates inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors
Naiara Celarain
Jordi Tomas-Roig
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1667-1

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