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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Multiple Sclerosis | Review

Arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: fueling or dampening disease progression?

Authors: Jelle Y. Broos, Rianne T. M. van der Burgt, Julia Konings, Merel Rijnsburger, Oliver Werz, Helga E. de Vries, Martin Giera, Gijs Kooij

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Considering the increasing prevalence among young adults worldwide and the disabling phenotype of the disease, a deeper understanding of the complexity of the disease pathogenesis is needed to ultimately improve diagnosis and personalize treatment opportunities. Recent findings suggest that bioactive lipid mediators (LM) derived from ω-3/-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), also termed eicosanoids, may contribute to MS pathogenesis. For example, disturbances in LM profiles and especially those derived from the ω-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) have been reported in people with MS (PwMS), where they may contribute to the chronicity of neuroinflammatory processes. Moreover, we have previously shown that certain AA-derived LMs also associated with neurodegenerative processes in PwMS, suggesting that AA-derived LMs are involved in more pathological events than solely neuroinflammation. Yet, to date, a comprehensive overview of the contribution of these LMs to MS-associated pathological processes remains elusive.

Main body

This review summarizes and critically evaluates the current body of literature on the eicosanoid biosynthetic pathway and its contribution to key pathological hallmarks of MS during different disease stages. Various parts of the eicosanoid pathway are highlighted, namely, the prostanoid, leukotriene, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) biochemical routes that include specific enzymes of the cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOX) families. In addition, cellular sources of LMs and their potential target cells based on receptor expression profiles will be discussed in the context of MS. Finally, we propose novel therapeutic approaches based on eicosanoid pathway and/or receptor modulation to ultimately target chronic neuroinflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration in MS.

Short conclusion

The eicosanoid pathway is intrinsically linked to specific aspects of MS pathogenesis. Therefore, we propose that novel intervention strategies, with the aim of accurately modulating the eicosanoid pathway towards the biosynthesis of beneficial LMs, can potentially contribute to more patient- and MS subtype-specific treatment opportunities to combat MS.

Graphical Abstract

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Title: Arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: fueling or dampening disease progression?
Authors: Jelle Y. Broos
Rianne T. M. van der Burgt
Julia Konings
Merel Rijnsburger
Oliver Werz
Helga E. de Vries
Martin Giera
Gijs Kooij
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Multiple Sclerosis
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-023-02981-w

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: fueling or dampening disease progression?

Abstract

Background

Main body

Short conclusion

Graphical Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Main body

Short conclusion

Graphical Abstract

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