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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Respiratory Microbiota | Research

Microbiota-derived acetate attenuates neuroinflammation in rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Authors: Xiaopeng Yin, Changhao Duan, Lin Zhang, Yufang Zhu, Yueyao Qiu, Kaiyi Shi, Sen Wang, Xiaoguang Zhang, Huaxing Zhang, Yinchao Hao, Fang Yuan, Yanming Tian

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

Increased neuroinflammation in brain regions regulating sympathetic nerves is associated with hypertension. Emerging evidence from both human and animal studies suggests a link between hypertension and gut microbiota, as well as microbiota-derived metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the precise mechanisms underlying this gut-brain axis remain unclear.

Methods

The levels of microbiota-derived SCFAs in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To observe the effect of acetate on arterial blood pressure (ABP) in rats, sodium acetate was supplemented via drinking water for continuous 7 days. ABP was recorded by radio telemetry. The inflammatory factors, morphology of microglia and astrocytes in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were detected. In addition, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, composition and metabolomics of the gut microbiome, and intestinal pathological manifestations were also measured.

Results

The serum acetate levels in SHRs are lower than in normotensive control rats. Supplementation with acetate reduces ABP, inhibits sympathetic nerve activity in SHRs. Furthermore, acetate suppresses RVLM neuroinflammation in SHRs, increases microglia and astrocyte morphologic complexity, decreases BBB permeability, modulates intestinal flora, increases fecal flora metabolites, and inhibits intestinal fibrosis.

Conclusions

Microbiota-derived acetate exerts antihypertensive effects by modulating microglia and astrocytes and inhibiting neuroinflammation and sympathetic output.

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Title: Microbiota-derived acetate attenuates neuroinflammation in rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Xiaopeng Yin
Changhao Duan
Lin Zhang
Yufang Zhu
Yueyao Qiu
Kaiyi Shi
Sen Wang
Xiaoguang Zhang
Huaxing Zhang
Yinchao Hao
Fang Yuan
Yanming Tian
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Respiratory Microbiota
Hypertension
Hypertension
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-024-03061-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Microbiota-derived acetate attenuates neuroinflammation in rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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