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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 1/2018

01-01-2018 | Urogenital

MRI of the scrotum: Recommendations of the ESUR Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group

Authors: Athina C. Tsili, Michele Bertolotto, Ahmet Tuncay Turgut, Vikram Dogra, Simon Freeman, Laurence Rocher, Jane Belfield, Michal Studniarek, Alexandra Ntorkou, Lorenzo E. Derchi, Raymond Oyen, Parvati Ramchandani, Mustafa Secil, Jonathan Richenberg

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Objectives

The Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group (SPI-WG) appointed by the board of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) has produced recommendations for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the scrotum.

Methods

The SPI-WG searched for original and review articles published before September 2016 using the Pubmed and Medline databases. Keywords used were ‘magnetic resonance imaging’, 'testis or testicle or testicular', 'scrotum', 'intratesticular', 'paratesticular', 'extratesticular' 'diffusion-weighted', 'dynamic MRI'. Consensus was obtained among the members of the subcommittee. The expert panel proposed recommendations using Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence.

Results

The recommended MRI protocol should include T1-, T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Scrotal MRI can be clinically applied for lesion characterisation (primary), including both intratesticular and paratesticular masses, differentiation between germ-cell and non-germ-cell neoplasms (evolving), characterisation of the histological type of testicular germ cell neoplasms (TGCNs, in selected cases), local staging of TGCNs (primary), acute scrotum (in selected cases), trauma (in selected cases) and undescended testes (primary).

Conclusions

The ESUR SPI-WG produced this consensus paper in which the existing literature on MRI of the scrotum is reviewed. The recommendations for the optimal imaging technique and clinical indications are presented.

Key points

• This report presents recommendations for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the scrotum.
• Imaging acquisition protocols and clinical indications are provided.
• MRI is becoming established as a worthwhile second-line diagnostic tool for scrotal pathology.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
MRI of the scrotum: Recommendations of the ESUR Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group
Authors
Athina C. Tsili
Michele Bertolotto
Ahmet Tuncay Turgut
Vikram Dogra
Simon Freeman
Laurence Rocher
Jane Belfield
Michal Studniarek
Alexandra Ntorkou
Lorenzo E. Derchi
Raymond Oyen
Parvati Ramchandani
Mustafa Secil
Jonathan Richenberg
Publication date
01-01-2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4944-3

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