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The Journal of Headache and Pain
Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Migraine | Review

Imaging the inflammatory phenotype in migraine

Authors: Rune Häckert Christensen, Cédric Gollion, Faisal Mohammad Amin, Michael A. Moskowitz, Nouchine Hadjikhani, Messoud Ashina

Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Several preclinical and clinical lines of evidence suggest a role of neuroinflammation in migraine. Neuroimaging offers the possibility to investigate and localize neuroinflammation in vivo in patients with migraine, and to characterize specific inflammatory constituents, such as vascular permeability, and macrophage or microglia activity. Despite all imaging data accumulated on neuroinflammation across the past three decades, an overview of the imaging evidence of neuroinflammation in migraine is still missing.
We conducted a systematic review in the Pubmed and Embase databases to evaluate existing imaging data on inflammation in migraine, and to identify gaps in the literature. We included 20 studies investigating migraine without aura (N = 4), migraine with aura (N = 8), both migraine with and without aura (N = 3), or hemiplegic migraine (N = 5).
In migraine without aura, macrophage activation was not evident. In migraine with aura, imaging evidence suggested microglial and parameningeal inflammatory activity. Increased vascular permeability was mostly found in hemiplegic migraine, and was atypical in migraine with and without aura. Based on the weight of existing and emerging data, we show that most studies have concentrated on demonstrating increased vascular permeability as a marker of neuroinflammation, with tools that may not have been optimal. In the future, novel, more sensitive techniques, as well as imaging tracers delineating specific inflammatory pathways may further bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical findings.
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Metadata
Title
Imaging the inflammatory phenotype in migraine
Authors
Rune Häckert Christensen
Cédric Gollion
Faisal Mohammad Amin
Michael A. Moskowitz
Nouchine Hadjikhani
Messoud Ashina
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
Springer Milan
Keywords
Migraine
Aura
Published in
The Journal of Headache and Pain / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1129-2369
Electronic ISSN: 1129-2377
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-022-01430-y

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