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Current Nutrition Reports

Published in:

01-12-2019 | Diabetes and Obesity (CB Chan, Section Editor)

Measuring the Power of Food Marketing to Children: a Review of Recent Literature

Authors: Charlene Elliott, Emily Truman

Published in: Current Nutrition Reports | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This scoping review examines literature from the past 5 years (June 2014 to June 2019) across three databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus) to detail how the persuasive power of child-targeted food marketing content is addressed and evaluated in current research, to document trends and gaps in research, and to identify opportunities for future focus.

Recent Findings

Eighty relevant studies were identified, with varied approaches related to examining food marketing techniques to children (i.e., experimental, survey, meta-analyses, mixed methods, content analyses, focus groups). Few studies specifically defined power, and studies differed in terms of techniques examined. Spokes-characters were the predominant marketing technique measured; television was the platform most analyzed; and dominant messages focused on health/nutrition, taste appeals, and appeals to fun/pleasure.

Summary

Mapping the current landscape when it comes to the power of food marketing to children reveals concrete details about particular platforms, methods, and strategies, as well as opportunities for future research—particularly with respect to definitions and techniques monitored, digital platforms, qualitative research, and tracking changes in targeted marketing techniques over time.

When it comes to food marketing, a spokes-character typically refers to an animated object or character or an animate being used to promote a product. Examples include the Lucky the Leprechaun, Tony the Tiger, the Keebler Elves, Count Chocula, the Quaker Oats Quaker, and the Kool Aid Man. These are typically trademarked characters used consistently in association with a product over time. Spokes-characters, who have been specifically created to promote a product, are generally thought to be different from licensed characters (which are licensed from entertainment companies (e.g., movie or television characters, such as Disney Lion King or Marvel superheroes). However, as we note below, in the studies reviewed, the spokes-character captures a range of definitions, including licensed characters, media characters, and promotional characters.

Here we are referring specifically to the messaging used by food marketers to make claims about nutrition or health benefits of their products.

An advergame is an advertisement in the form of a game. Specifically, the product is integrated into elements of a videogame.

Note that several studies involve multiple platforms, such as Facebook and YouTube or Facebook and Instagram.

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Title: Measuring the Power of Food Marketing to Children: a Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Charlene Elliott
Emily Truman
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Nutrition Reports / Issue 4/2019
Electronic ISSN: 2161-3311
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-019-00292-2

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Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits

STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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Other articles of this Issue 4/2019

Ketogenic Diet: from the Historical Records to Use in Elite Athletes

Ketogenic Diet: an Endocrinologist Perspective

Premixed vs Compounded Parenteral Nutrition: Effects of Total Parenteral Nutrition Shortage on Clinical Practice

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Retail Food Environment Interventions on Diet and Health with a Focus on the Enabling Role of Public Policies

Insights on the Influence of Sugar Taxes on Obesity Prevention Efforts

Multiple Health Benefits and Minimal Risks Associated with Vegetarian Diets

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage