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Hepatology International

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02-01-2023 | Liver Transplantation | Original Article

High-potency nucleos(t)ide analogues alone or plus immunoglobulin for HBV prophylaxis after liver transplantation: a meta-analysis

Authors: Li-Ping Sheng, Jun-Chang Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Zhong, Xue-Han Sheng, Jing Ren, Gui-Qiang Wang

Published in: Hepatology International | Issue 5/2023

Abstract

Background

The optimum prophylactic regimen against hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) in HBV-infected patients is uncertain but of great clinical relevance. New evidence suggests that hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)-free approach would become a reasonable choice in the era of high-potency nucleos(t)ide analogues (HPNAs). We aimed to provide robust estimates for long-term survival and HBV recurrence in patients receiving different HBV-prophylaxis strategies after LT.

Methods

We did a systematic review and meta-analysis using both pseudo-individual patient data recovered from included studies (IPDMA) and conventional trial-level aggregate data meta-analysis (ADMA). Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using different Cox proportional hazard models accounting for inter-study heterogeneity. ADMA was conducted to pool outcomes at specific time points.

Results

A total of 16 studies involving 7897 patients and 41 studies involving 9435 were eligible for IPDMA and AMDA, respectively. Cumulative HBV recurrence rate and overall survival (OS) at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years post-LT were 0.3%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.7% and 95.6%, 89%, 86.4%, 86.4% in the HPNAs (i.e., entecavir and tenofovir) + HBIG combination group vs. 0.6%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 1.7% and 94.5%, 86.8%, 84.8%, 81.2% in the HPNAs monotherapy group (HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.56–2.60, p = 0.64; HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.70–1.69, p = 0.72), respectively. The results were compatible with AMDA.

Conclusion

A similar HBV recurrence and overall survival were found in patients who used HPNAs (mainly entecavir) monotherapy as in those who received a combination of HPNAs and HBIG. These findings address concerns regarding the safety and effectiveness of HPNAs monotherapy.

Graphical abstract

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Title: High-potency nucleos(t)ide analogues alone or plus immunoglobulin for HBV prophylaxis after liver transplantation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li-Ping Sheng
Jun-Chang Zhang
Zhi-Qiang Zhong
Xue-Han Sheng
Jing Ren
Gui-Qiang Wang
Publication date: 02-01-2023
Publisher: Springer India
Keywords: Liver Transplantation
Hepatitis B
Tenofovir
Entecavir
Lamivudine
Liver Transplantation
Liver Transplantation
Liver Transplantation
Liver Transplantation
Lamivudine
Published in: Hepatology International / Issue 5/2023
Print ISSN: 1936-0533
Electronic ISSN: 1936-0541
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-022-10466-w

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