Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Alkaloids | Review

Current findings and future prospective of high-value trans Himalayan medicinal plant Lycium ruthenicum Murr: a systematic review

Authors: Rajni Sharma, Rinky Raghuvanshi, Raj Kumar, Mohan Singh Thakur, Santosh Kumar, Manoj K. Patel, O. P. Chaurasia, Shweta Saxena

Published in: Clinical Phytoscience | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Background

The genus Lycium is commercially known for its nutrient dense goji-berries, among these berries, black goji-berries obtained from Lycium ruthenicum Murr are highly valued and widely used as traditional medicine in trans-himalayan cold desert Ladakh and as functional food in several countries.

Methods

The current collection of data and literature was done by exploring different scientific portals like SciFinder, Google scholar, PubMed, Dictonary of Natural Products, Institute for Scientific Information, Web of Science and Scopus by searching keywords like black goji berry, crystal pearl, and trans-Himalayan plant.

Results

Fruits of L. ruthenicum Murr, are overwhelmingly enriched in anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, polysaccharides, spermine and spermidine alkaloids. The presence of these bioactive phyto-chemicals has been linked with reported anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, anti-atherosclerosis and neuro-protective properties of black goji berries. A unique color of these berries makes them exceptional as compared to other berries.

Conclusions

In this article, we have reviewed the variety of high value phytochemicals of Lycium ruthenicum Murr, with a special focus on health promoting anthocyanins which will provide an insight to the readers for exploring novel applications of L. ruthenicum Murr in field of medicine and food industries.

Hong DY, Pan KY, Nicholas JT. Flora of China. 6th ed. Beijing: Science Press; 2001. p. 127–32.

Qian D, Zhao Y, Yang G, Huang L. Systematic review of chemical constituents in the genus Lycium (Solanaceae). Molecule. 2017;22(6):911. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060911.CrossRef

Wang H, Li J, Tao W, Zhang X, Gao X, Yong J, et al. Lycium ruthenicum studies: Molecular biology, Phytochemistry and pharmacology. Food Chem. 2018;240:759–66.CrossRef

Dhar P, Tayade A, Ballabh B, Chaurasia OP, Bhatt RP, Srivastava RB. Lycium ruthenicum murray: a less-explored but high value medicinal plant from trans-himalayan cold deserts of Ladakh, India. Plant Archives. 2011;11:583–6.

Chaurasia OP, Ahmed Z, Ballabh B. Ethnobotany and plants of trans-Himalaya. New Delhi: SSPL; 2007.

Kuang KZ, Lu AM, Wu CY, Huang SC. Solanaceae. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. 1978;67:1–175.

Tutin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM, et al. Flora Europaea, vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1972. p. 89–94.

Gregor RL. Barkley TM. Kansas: Flora of the great plains University Press of Kansas; 1986.

Zhang HF, Li X, Wang JG, Yang YJ. The structure characteristic of the plant community in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Ecol Environ. 2007;16:1219–24.

10.

Zhang X, Zhang F, Gao XJ, Yong JJ, Zhang WH, Zhao JJ, et al. Effects of different drying methods on content of bioactive component and antioxidant activity in Lycium ruthenicum. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi. China J Chin Mat Med. 2017;42(20):3926–31. https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170907.011.CrossRef

11.

Dierma D, Mao J. Crystal pearl of materia medica. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers; 2012. p. 66.

12.

Chaurasia, OP, Singh B. Cold desert plants Field Research Laboratory, Leh-Ladakh, 1996–2001: Vol-I-V.

13.

Yutuo Y. Medical canon in four sections, vol. 321. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers; 1987.

14.

Liu YM. Pharmacography of Uighur part one Xinjiang Science & Technology & hygiene publishing house, Urumqi,1999.

15.

Ballabh B, Chaurasia OP, Ahmed Z, Singh SB. Traditional medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh--used against kidney and urinary disorders. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008;118(2):331–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.022.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC. Glossary of Indian medicinal plants (including the supplement). New Delhi: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; 1986.

17.

Gairola S, Sharma J, Bedi YS. A cross-cultural analysis of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh (India) medicinal plant use. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;155(2):925–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.029.CrossRefPubMed

18.

Nzeuwa IB, Xia Y, Qiao Z, Feng F, Bian J, Liu W, et al. Comparison of the origin and phenolic contents of Lycium ruthenicum murr. By high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and Chemometrics. J Sep Sci. 2017;40(6):1234–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201601147.CrossRef

19.

Ni W, Gao T, Wang H, Du Y, Li J, Li C, et al. Anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharides from the fruits of four Tibetan platea indigenous medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;150(2):529–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.055.CrossRefPubMed

20.

Quan SH, Hai-xia ZH, Yu L, Yan L. The research on chemical component and antioxidant activity of wild Lycium ruthenicum. Sci Technol Food Ind. 2017;4:10.

21.

Zhao W, Song Y, Zhou G. Study on Proanthocyanidin-rich beer. J Am Soc Brew. 2017;75(2):109–15. https://doi.org/10.1094/ASBCJ-2017-2186-01.CrossRef

22.

Chi X, Xiao Y, Dong Q, Yang YQ, Hu F. Fatty acid composition of Lycium ruthenicum collected from the Qinghai- tibetan plateau. Chem Nat Compd. 2016;54(4):674–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-016-1737-x.CrossRef

23.

Peng Y, Ma C, Li Y, Leung KS, Jiang ZH, Zhao ZZ. Quantification of zeaxanthin dipalmitate and total carotenoids in Lycium fruits (Fructus Lycii). Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2005;60(4):161–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-005-9550-5.CrossRefPubMed

24.

Islam T, Yu X, Badwal TS, Xu B. Comparative studies on phenolic profiles, antioxidant capacities and carotenoid contents of red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) and black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum). Chem Cent J. 2017;11(1):59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-017-0287-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Tian Z, Aierken A, Pang H, Du S, Feng M, Ma K, et al. Constituent analysis and quality control of anthocyanin constituents of dried Lycium ruthenicum Murray fruits by HPLC–MS and HPLC–DAD. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol. 2016;39(9):453–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826076.2016.1179201.CrossRef

26.

Pantelidis GE, Vasilakakis M, Manganaris GA, Diamantidis G. Antioxidant capacity, phenol, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid contents in raspberries, blackberries, red currants, gooseberries and cornelian cherries. Food Chem. 2007;102(3):777–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.06.021.CrossRef

27.

Bajpai KP, Warghat AR, Sharma KR, Yadav A, Thakur KA, Srivastava RB, et al. Structure and genetic diversity of natural populations of Morus alba in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region. Biochem Genet. 2014;52(3-4):137–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-013-9634-5.CrossRefPubMed

28.

López OP, Cervantes ML, Pérez MV, Pérez TH. Berries: improving human health and healthy aging, and promoting quality life -a review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2010;65(3):299–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0177-1.CrossRef

29.

Stanciu G, Lupsor S, Sava C, Zagan S. Spectrophotometric study on stability of anthocyanins extracts from black grapes skins. Ovidius Univ Ann Ser Chem. 2010;21(1):101–4.

30.

Liu B, Xu Q, Sun Y. Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) tea has higher phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant properties than red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) tea. Food Qual Saf. 2020;4(4):193–201. https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa022.CrossRef

31.

Jiao XL, Chi XF, Dong Q, Xiao YC, Fengzu HU. Analysis of the nutritional components of Lycium ruthenicum. Amino Acids Biotic Resour. 2011;03:60–2.

32.

Xing X, Ke Y. Nutritional value of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. And its relieving resistance to exercise-induced fatigue. Prog Nutr. 2019;21:876–81.

33.

Zhang S, He F, Chen X, Ding K. Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. Carbohydr Polym. 2019;223:115104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115104.CrossRefPubMed

34.

Peng Q, Lv X, Xu Q, Li Y, Huang L, Du Y. Isolation and structural characterization of the polysaccharide LRGP1 from Lycium ruthenicum. Carbohydr Polym. 2012;90(1):95–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.067.CrossRefPubMed

35.

Peng Q, Song J, Lv X, Wang Z, Huang L, Du Y. Structural characterization of an arabinogalactan-protein from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60(37):9424–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf302619c.CrossRefPubMed

36.

Lv X, Wang C, Cheng Y, Huang L, Wang Z. Isolation and structural characterization of a polysaccharide LRP4-a from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Carbohydr Res. 2013;365:20–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2012.10.013.CrossRefPubMed

37.

Peng Q, Xu Q, Yin H, Huang L, Du Y. Characterization of an immunologically active pectin from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum. Int J Biol Macromol. 2014;64:69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.030.CrossRefPubMed

38.

Liu Y, Gong G, Sun Y, Gu X, Huang L, Wang Z. Isolation, structural characterization, and immunological activity of a polysaccharide LRLP4-A from the leaves of Lycium ruthenicum. J Carbohyd Chem. 2006;35:40–56.CrossRef

39.

Wang SQ, Liu B, Liu S, Xie SZ, Pan LH, Zha XQ, et al. Structural features of an acidic polysaccharide with the potential of promoting osteoblast differentiation from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Nat Prod Res. 2018;34(16):2249–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1452014.CrossRefPubMed

40.

Debnath B, Singh W, Das M, Goswami S, Singh KM, Maitic D, et al. Role of plant alkaloids on human health: a review of biological activities. Mater Today Chem. 2018;9:56–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2018.05.001.CrossRef

41.

Wu T, Lv H, Wang F. Wang Y characterization of polyphenols from Lycium ruthenicum fruit by UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE and their antioxidant activity in Caco-2 cells. J Agri Food Chem. 2016;64(11):2280–8. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00035.CrossRef

42.

Jin H, Zhao J, Zhou W, Shen A, Yang F, Liu Y, et al. Preparative separation of a challenging anthocyanin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr by two dimensional reversed-phase liquid chromatography/ hydrophilic interaction chromatography. RSC Adv. 2015;5(76):62134–41. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA08713A.CrossRef

43.

Yang X, Lin S, Jia Y, Rehman F, Zeng S, Wang Y. Anthocyanin and spermidine derivative hexoses coordinately increase in the ripening fruit of Lycium ruthenicum. Food Chem. 2019;311:125874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125874.CrossRefPubMed

44.

Qi JJ, Yan YM, Cheng LZ, Liu BH, Qin FY, Cheng YX. A novel flavonoid glucoside from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum. Molecules. 2018;23(2):325. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23020325.CrossRefPubMedCentral

45.

Nzeuwa IB, Xia H, Shi Y, Yang C, Shah SM, Guo B, et al. Fatty acid and mineral contents of Lycium ruthenicum Murr and antioxidant activity against isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia in mice. Food Sci Nutr. 2020;8(2):1075–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1393.CrossRef

46.

Zhao X, Dong B, Li P, Wei W, Dang J, Liu Z, et al. Fatty acid and phytosterol composition, and biological activities of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Seed oil. J Food Sci. 2018;83:2448–56.CrossRef

47.

Keys A, Anderson JT, Grande F. Prediction of serum cholesterol response of man to change in fats in the diet. Lancet. 1957;2(7003):959–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(57)91998-0.CrossRef

48.

Jarouche M, Suresh H, Hennell J, Sullivan S, Lee S, Singh S, et al. The quality assessment of commercial Lycium berries using LC-ESI-MS/MS and Chemometrics. Plants (Basel). 2019;8(12):604. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8120604.CrossRef

49.

Liu Y, Zeng S, Sun W, Wu M, Hu W, Shen X, et al. Comparative analysis of carotenoid accumulation in two goji (Lycium barbarum L. and L. ruthenicum Murr.) fruits. BMC Plant Biol. 2014;14(1):269. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-014-0269-4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

50.

Cai YZ, Luo Q, Sun M, Corke H. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of 112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. J Life Sci. 2004;74(17):2157–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.047.CrossRef

51.

Xin G, Zhu F, Du B, Xu B. Antioxidants distribution in pulp and seeds of black and red goji berries as affected by boiling processing. J Food Qual. 2017 Article ID 3145946. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3145946.

52.

Zhang G, Chen S, Zhou W, Meng J, Deng K, Zhou H, et al. Rapid qualitative and quantitative analyses of eighteen phenolic compounds from Lycium ruthenicum Murray by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS and their antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2018;269:150–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.132.CrossRefPubMed

53.

Jia Q, Zhang S, Zhang H, Yang X, Cui X, Su Z, et al. A comparative study on polyphenolic composition of berries from the Tibetan plateau by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS system. Chem Biodivers. 2020;17(4):1612–872. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000033.CrossRef

54.

Chen X, Zhang G. Scavenging and anti-fatigue activity of Wu-Wei-Zi aqueous extracts. African J Microbiol Res. 2011;5:5933–40.

55.

Zahradnik M. The production and application of fluorescent brightening agents. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1992. p. 164.

56.

Valizadeh H, Kordi FM, Kouhkan R, Bahadori MB, Farimani MM. Isolation and structure elucidation of coumarin and cinamate derivatives from Lycium ruthenicum Iran. Chem Commun. 2014;2:277–82.

57.

Khoo HE, Azlan A, Tang TS, Lim MS. Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigment as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits. Food Nutr Res. 2017;61(1):1361779. https://doi.org/10.1080/16546628.2017.1361779.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

58.

Mazza G, Miniati E. Types of anthocyanins. In: Anthocyanins in fruits, vegetables, and grains. FL, USA: CRC Press; 1993. p. 1–28.

59.

Castañeda A, Pacheco HL, Páez E, Rodriguez J, Galán-Vidal CA. Chemical studies of anthocyanins: a review. Food Chem. 2009;113(4):859–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.001.CrossRef

60.

Zeng S, Wu M, Zou C, Liu X, Shen X, Hayward A, et al. Comparative analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis during fruit development in two Lycium species. Physiol Plant. 2014;150(4):505–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12131.CrossRefPubMed

61.

Shuang Q, Zhang HX, Lu Y. The research on chemical component and antioxidant activity of wild Lycium ruthenicum. Sci Technol Food Ind. 2017;04:94–100.

62.

Tang J, Yan Y, Ran L, Mi J, Sun Y, Lu L, et al. Isolation, antioxidant property and protective effect on PC12 cell of the main anthocyanin in fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murray. J Funct Foods. 2017;30:97–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.015.CrossRef

63.

Chen C, Shao Y, Tao Y, Mei L, Shu Q, Wang L. Main anthocyanins compositions and corresponding H-ORAC assay for wild Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Fruits from the Qaidam Basin. J Pharm Techol Drug Res. 2013;2(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.7243/2050-120X-2-1.CrossRef

64.

Jin H, Liu Y, Yang F, Wang J, Fu D, Zhang X. Characterization of anthocyanins in wild Lycium ruthenicum Murray by HPLC-DAD/QTOF-MS/MS. Anal Methods. 2015;7(12):4947–56. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5AY00612K.CrossRef

65.

Zhang G, Chen S, Zhou W, Meng J, Deng K, Zhou H, et al. Anthocyanin composition of fruit extracts from Lycium ruthenicum and their protective effect for gouty arthritis. Ind Crop Prod. 2019;129:414–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.12.026.CrossRef

66.

Liu P, Li W, Hu Z, Qin X, Liu G. Isolation, purification, identification, and stability of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr from LWT. Food Sci Technol. 2020;126:109334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109334.CrossRef

67.

Yang J-F, Wang Q, Sun J, Feng D-Z. Anti-fatigue and improvement effect of exhausting exercise-induced myocardial damage of aqueous extract from Lycium Ruthenicum murr. In mice. Sci Technol Food Ind. 2018;39(16):296–9.312.

68.

Zheng J, Ding C, Wang L, Li G, Shi J, Li H, et al. Anthocyanins composition and antioxidant activity of wild Lycium ruthenicum Murr. From Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Food Chem. 2011;126:859–65.CrossRef

69.

Chen S, Zhou H, Zhang G, Meng J, Deng K, Zhou W, et al. Anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Ameliorated d-galactose-induced memory impairment, oxidative stress, and Neuroinflammation in adult rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;20(11):3140–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06402.CrossRef

70.

Kelsey N, Hulick W, Winter A, Ross E, Linseman D. Neuroprotective effects of anthocyanins on apoptosis induced by mitochondrial oxidative stress. Nutr Neurosci. 2011;14(6):249–59. https://doi.org/10.1179/1476830511Y.0000000020.CrossRefPubMed

71.

Prior RL, Wu X. Anthocyanins: structural characteristics that result in unique metabolic patterns and biological activities. Free Radic Res. 2006;40(10):1014–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760600758522.CrossRefPubMed

72.

Liu Z, Dang J, Wang Q, Yu M, Jiang L, Mei L, et al. Optimization of polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum fruit using RSM and its anti-oxidant activity, Int J Biol Macromol. 2013;61:127–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.042.

73.

Song JL, Gao Y, Xu J. Protective effects of methanolic extract form fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr on 2, 2’-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells. Pharmacogn Mag. 2014;10(40):522. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.141790.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

74.

Li J, Zhao HY, Yuan H, Zhu CQ, Shi DH. Study on the pigment of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Food Sci. 2006;27:146–51.

75.

Castro V, Aierken A, Zhang X, Dias A. Comparative study of antioxidant potential and cytotoxic effects of methanolic extracts from Lycium barbarum and Lycium ruthenicum berries. Plant Med Int Open. 2017;S 01:Tu-PO.

76.

Kosar M, Altintas A, Kirimer N, Baser KHC. Determination of the free radical scavenging activity of Lycium extracts. Chem Nat Compd. 2003;39(6):531–5. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CONC.0000018104.98378.e2.CrossRef

77.

Fang Z, Zhang M, Wang L. HPLC-DAD-ESIMS analysis of phenolic compounds in bayberries (Myrica rubra Sieb. Et Zucc.). Food Chem. 2007;100(2):845–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.024.CrossRef

78.

Shen M, Liu K, Liang Y, Liu G, Sang J, Li C. Extraction optimization and purification of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. And evaluation of tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the anthocyanins. J Food Sci. 2020;85(3):696–706. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15037.CrossRefPubMed

79.

Liu Z, Liu B, Kang H, Yue H, Chen C, Jiang L, et al. Subcritical fluid extraction of Lycium ruthenicum seeds oil and its antioxidant activity. Int J Food Sci Technol. 2019;54(1):161–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13920.CrossRef

80.

Wang ZC, Tanzeela N, Sun L, Fang Z, Yan Y, Li D, et al. Effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the composition and bioactivity of anthocyanins in the fruits of cultivated Lycium ruthenicum Murray. CyTA-J Food. 2019;17(1):552–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2019.1613449.CrossRef

81.

Wang Q, Kuang H, Su Y, Sun Y, Feng J, Guo R, et al. Naturally derived anti- inflammatory compounds from Chinese medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;146(1):9–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.013.CrossRefPubMed

82.

Du Z, Liu H, Zhang Z, Li P. Angtioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities of Radix Isatidis polysaccharide in murine alveolar macrophages. Int J Biol Macromol. 2013;58:329–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.037.CrossRefPubMed

83.

Peng Q, Liu H, Lei H, Wang X. Relationship between structure and immunological activity of an arabinogalactan from Lycium ruthenicum. Food Chem. 2016;194:595–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.087.CrossRefPubMed

84.

Lin L, Li J, Lv H, Ma Y, Qian Y. Effect of Lycium ruthenicum anthocyanins on atherosclerosis in mice. Zhongguo Zhong yao Za Zhi. J Chin Mat Med. 2012;37:1460–6.

85.

Hou CW, Chen IC, Shu FR, Feng CH, Hung CT. Protective effect of supplementation with Lycium ruthenicum Murray extract from exhaustive exercise-induced cardiac injury in rats. Chin Med J (Engl). 2019;132(8):1005–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000185. PMID: 30958451; PMCID: PMC6595767.

86.

Zong S, Yang L, Park HJ, Li J. Dietary intake of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract inhibits colonic inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis. Food Funct. 2020;11(4):2924–37. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO00172D.CrossRefPubMed

87.

Lu K, Wang J, Yu Y, Wu Y, He Z. Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice. Food Sci Nutr. 2020;8(6):2588–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1445.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

88.

Yin J, Wu T. Anthocyanins from black wolfberry (Lycium Ruthenicum Murr.) prevent inflammation and increase fecal fatty acid in diet-induced obese rats. RSC Adv. 2017;7:47848–53.CrossRef

89.

Wu X, Li X, Liang S, Liu Y, Dai X, Zheng Q, et al. Neuroprotective Effect of Anthocyanin Extract from Lycium ruthenicum Murray in Aβ1–42-induced Rat Model of AD; 2017. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201705.0144.v1.CrossRef

90.

Deng K, Li Y, Xiao M, Wang F, Zhou P, Zhang W, et al. Lycium ruthenicum Murr polysaccharide protects cortical neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;158:562–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.122.CrossRefPubMed

91.

Luo Z, Yu G, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Wang G, et al. Integrated phytochemical analysis based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap and network pharmacology approaches to explore the potential mechanism of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. For ameliorating Alzheimer’s disease. Food Funct. 2020;14(2):1362–72. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO02840D.CrossRef

92.

Yan Y, Peng Y, Tang J, Mi J, Lu L, Li X, et al. Effects of anthocyanins from the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murray on intestinal microbiota. J Funct Foods. 2018;48:533–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.053.CrossRef

93.

Faria A, Fernandes I, Norberto S, Mateus N, Calhau C. Interplay between anthocyanins and gut microbiota. J Agric Food Chem. 2014;62(29):6898–902. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf501808a.CrossRefPubMed

94.

Peng Y, Yan Y, Wan P, Dong W, Huang K, Ran L, et al. Effects of long-term intake of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murray on the organism health and gut microbiota in vivo. Food Res Int. 2020;130:108952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108952.CrossRefPubMed

95.

Wang JH, Chen XQ, Zhang WJ. Study on hypoglycemic function of polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Fruit and its mechanism. Food Sci. 2009;30:244–8.

96.

Wang J, Li S, Fan Y, Chen Y, Liu D, Cheng H, et al. Anti-fatigue activity of the water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from Panax ginseng. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;130(2):421–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.027.CrossRefPubMed

97.

Sheng R, Xu X, Tang Q, Bian D, Li Y, Qian C, et al. Polysaccharide of radix pseudo stellariae improves chronic fatigue syndrome induced by poly I:C in mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;840516:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep208.CrossRef

98.

Hu JH, Yan F, Zhang ZY, Lin JY. Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-fatigue activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. J Anim Vet Adv. 2012;11:4040–4.

99.

Tan W, Yu KQ, Liu YY, Ouyang MZ, Yan MH, Luo R, et al. Anti- fatigue activity of polysaccharides extract from Radix Rehmanniae Preparata. Inte J Biol Macromol. 2012;50(1):59–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.09.019.CrossRef

100.

Gao Q, Shu T, Chang Y, Hu C, Cao X, Wang S. Evaluation of anti-fatigue function of solution of microcapsules loading anthocyanidins of Lycium ruthenicum murr by modified b-glucan from highland barley. Shipin Keji. 2019;44:316–20.

101.

Duan Y, Chen F, Yao X, Zhu J, Wang C, Zhang J, et al. Protective effect of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Against radiation injury in mice. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12:8332–47.CrossRef

102.

Gong Y, Wu J, Li ST. Immuno-enhancement effects of Lycium ruthenicum Mur. Polysaccharide on cyclophosphamide- induced immunosuppression in mice. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(11):20631–7.PubMedPubMedCentral

103.

Lin J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang W. Lycium ruthenicum extract alleviates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via enhancing the AMPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2015;12(3):3835–40. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3840.CrossRefPubMed

104.

Li J, Yuan H, Zeng XC, Han B, Shi DH. Toxicological assessment of pigment of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Food Sci. 2007;28:470–5.

105.

Tang P, Giusti MM. Black goji as a potential source of natural color in a wide pH range. Food Chem. 2018;269:419–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.034.CrossRefPubMed

106.

Giusti MM, Peipei T. Uses of acylated anthocyanins extracted from black goji (lycium ruthenicum murr.) as a source of natural Color. 2017; PCT/US20 17/033290. W02017205173A1.

Title: Current findings and future prospective of high-value trans Himalayan medicinal plant Lycium ruthenicum Murr: a systematic review
Authors: Rajni Sharma
Rinky Raghuvanshi
Raj Kumar
Mohan Singh Thakur
Santosh Kumar
Manoj K. Patel
O. P. Chaurasia
Shweta Saxena
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Alkaloids
Alkaloids
Published in: Clinical Phytoscience / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2199-1197
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00328-7

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Current findings and future prospective of high-value trans Himalayan medicinal plant Lycium ruthenicum Murr: a systematic review

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Beneficial effects of pumpkin seed soft extract on lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials over 12 months

The role of diosgenin in crohn’s disease

Modulatory efficacy of Punica granatum L. powder ethanol extract (PLEE) on lead acetate-induced hepatic and renal toxicity

Phytochemical characterization and evaluation of Antiurolithiatic activity of selected source plants of Pashanabheda

Acrostichium aureum Linn: traditional use, phytochemistry and biological activity

Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of the ethanol extract of Byttneria pilosa Roxb.