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Open Access 01-12-2018 | Original research

[¹⁸F]Fluciclovine PET discrimination between high- and low-grade gliomas

Authors: Ephraim E. Parent, Marc Benayoun, Ijeoma Ibeanu, Jeffrey J. Olson, Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis, Daniel J. Brat, Vikram Adhikarla, Jonathon Nye, David M. Schuster, Mark M. Goodman

Published in: EJNMMI Research | Issue 1/2018

Abstract

Background

The ability to accurately and non-invasively distinguish high-grade glioma from low-grade glioma remains a challenge despite advances in molecular and magnetic resonance imaging. We investigated the ability of fluciclovine (¹⁸F) PET as a means to identify and distinguish these lesions in patients with known gliomas and to correlate uptake with Ki-67.

Results

Sixteen patients with a total of 18 newly diagnosed low-grade gliomas (n = 6) and high grade gliomas (n = 12) underwent fluciclovine PET imaging after histopathologic assessment. Fluciclovine PET analysis comprised tumor SUV_max and SUV_mean, as well as metabolic tumor thresholds (1.3*, 1.6*, 1.9*) to normal brain background (TB_max, and TB_mean). Comparison was additionally made to the proliferative status of the tumor as indicated by Ki-67 values.

Fluciclovine uptake greater than normal brain parenchyma was found in all lesions studied. Time activity curves demonstrated statistically apparent flattening of the curves for both high-grade gliomas and low-grade gliomas starting 30 min after injection, suggesting an influx/efflux equilibrium. The best semiquantitative metric in discriminating HGG from LGG was obtained utilizing a metabolic 1 tumor threshold of 1.3* contralateral normal brain parenchyma uptake to create a tumor: background (TB_mean1.3) cutoff of 2.15 with an overall sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 95.5%. Additionally, using a SUV_max > 4.3 cutoff gave a sensitivity of 90.9% and specificity of 97.5%. Tumor SUV_mean and tumor SUV_max as a ratio to mean normal contralateral brain were both found to be less relevant predictors of tumor grade. Both SUV_max (R = 0.71, p = 0.0227) and TB_mean (TB_mean1.3: R = 0.81, p = 0.00081) had a high correlation with the tumor proliferative index Ki-67.

Conclusions

Fluciclovine PET produces high-contrast images between both low-grade and high grade gliomas and normal brain by visual and semiquantitative analysis. Fluciclovine PET appears to discriminate between low-grade glioma and high-grade glioma, but must be validated with a larger sample size.

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Title: [18F]Fluciclovine PET discrimination between high- and low-grade gliomas
Authors: Ephraim E. Parent
Marc Benayoun
Ijeoma Ibeanu
Jeffrey J. Olson
Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis
Daniel J. Brat
Vikram Adhikarla
Jonathon Nye
David M. Schuster
Mark M. Goodman
Publication date: 01-12-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: EJNMMI Research / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 2191-219X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13550-018-0415-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

[¹⁸F]Fluciclovine PET discrimination between high- and low-grade gliomas

Abstract

Background

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Results

Conclusions

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