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Gut Pathogens
Published in: Gut Pathogens 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Autism Spectrum Disorder | Review

Gut microbiota changes in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review

Authors: Lucius Kang Hua Ho, Valerie Jia Wei Tong, Nicholas Syn, Niranjan Nagarajan, Elizabeth Huiwen Tham, Stacey K. Tay, Shefaly Shorey, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Evelyn Chung Ning Law

Published in: Gut Pathogens | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

As more animal studies start to disentangle pathways linking the gut microbial ecosystem and neurobehavioral traits, human studies have grown rapidly. Many have since investigated the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, specifically on the effects of microbial composition on the brain and development.

Methods

Our review at the initial stage aimed to evaluate literature on gut microbial alterations in pediatric neurobehavioral conditions. We searched five literature databases (Embase, PubMed, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Medline) and found 4489 published work. As the mechanisms linking gut microbiota to these conditions are divergent, the scope of this review was narrowed to focus on describing gut dysbiosis in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Results

Among the final 26 articles, there was a lack of consistency in the reported gut microbiome changes across ASD studies, except for distinguishable patterns, within limits, for Prevotella, Firmicutes at the phylum level, Clostridiales clusters including Clostridium perfringens, and Bifidobacterium species.

Conclusions

These results were inadequate to confirm a global microbiome change in children with ASD and causality could not be inferred to explain the etiology of the behaviors associated with ASD. Mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the specific role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of ASD.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Gut microbiota changes in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Authors
Lucius Kang Hua Ho
Valerie Jia Wei Tong
Nicholas Syn
Niranjan Nagarajan
Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
Stacey K. Tay
Shefaly Shorey
Paul Anantharajah Tambyah
Evelyn Chung Ning Law
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Gut Pathogens / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1757-4749
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-020-0346-1

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