Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Trials 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Study protocol

Effect of ketamine combined with magnesium sulfate in neuropathic pain patients (KETAPAIN): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Authors: Noémie Delage, Véronique Morel, Pascale Picard, Fabienne Marcaillou, Bruno Pereira, Gisèle Pickering

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Neuropathic pain is difficult to treat, and the efficacy of recommended drugs remains limited. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors are implicated, and antagonists are a pharmacological option. Ketamine is widely used in French pain clinics, but without consensus or recommendations. Furthermore, the association of ketamine with magnesium has been poorly studied. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the benefit of ketamine with or without magnesium in refractory neuropathic pain.

Methods/design

A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study will be performed in Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France. The aim is to evaluate the effect of ketamine with or without magnesium in 22 patients with neuropathic pain. Intravenous ketamine/placebo, ketamine/magnesium sulfate, or placebo/placebo will be administered consecutively to each patient, in random order, once at 5-week intervals. The primary endpoint is the AUC of pain intensity assessed on a 0–10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale for a 5-week period. Data analysis will be performed on an intention-to-treat basis, and all statistical tests (except primary analysis) will be performed with an α risk of 5% (two-sided).

Discussion

Considering the poor efficacy of the drugs available for neuropathic pain, ketamine with or without magnesium sulfate may be a valuable therapeutic option that needs to be standardized.

Trial registration

EudraCT number–2015-000142-29. Registered on April 9, 2015; version 1.4
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Finnerup NB, Haroutounian S, Kamerman P, Baron R, Bennett DL, Bouhassira D, Cruccu G, Freeman R, Hansson P, Nurmikko T, Raja SN, Rice AS, Serra J, Smith BH, Treede RD, Jensen TS. Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice. Pain. 2016;157:1599–606.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Finnerup NB, Haroutounian S, Kamerman P, Baron R, Bennett DL, Bouhassira D, Cruccu G, Freeman R, Hansson P, Nurmikko T, Raja SN, Rice AS, Serra J, Smith BH, Treede RD, Jensen TS. Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice. Pain. 2016;157:1599–606.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Collins S, Sigtermans MJ, Dahan A, Zuurmond WWA, Perez RSGM. NMDA receptor antagonists for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Pain Med. 2010;11:1726–42.CrossRefPubMed Collins S, Sigtermans MJ, Dahan A, Zuurmond WWA, Perez RSGM. NMDA receptor antagonists for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Pain Med. 2010;11:1726–42.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Christoph T, Schiene K, Englberger W, Parsons CG, Chizh BA. The antiallodynic effect of NMDA antagonists in neuropathic pain outlasts the duration of the in vivo NMDA antagonism. Neuropharmacology. 2006;51:12–7.CrossRefPubMed Christoph T, Schiene K, Englberger W, Parsons CG, Chizh BA. The antiallodynic effect of NMDA antagonists in neuropathic pain outlasts the duration of the in vivo NMDA antagonism. Neuropharmacology. 2006;51:12–7.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Fisher K, Coderre TJ, Hagen NA. Targeting the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor for chronic pain management. Preclinical animal studies, recent clinical experience and future research directions. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;20:358–73.CrossRefPubMed Fisher K, Coderre TJ, Hagen NA. Targeting the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor for chronic pain management. Preclinical animal studies, recent clinical experience and future research directions. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;20:358–73.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Mao J, Price DD, Hayes RL, Lu J, Mayer DJ, Frenk H. Intrathecal treatment with dextrorphan or ketamine potently reduces pain-related behaviours in a rat model of peripheral mononeuropathy. Brain Res. 1993;605:164–8.CrossRefPubMed Mao J, Price DD, Hayes RL, Lu J, Mayer DJ, Frenk H. Intrathecal treatment with dextrorphan or ketamine potently reduces pain-related behaviours in a rat model of peripheral mononeuropathy. Brain Res. 1993;605:164–8.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Parsons CG. NMDA receptors as targets for drug action in neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001;429:71–8.CrossRefPubMed Parsons CG. NMDA receptors as targets for drug action in neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001;429:71–8.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Qian J, Brown SD, Carlton SM. Systemic ketamine attenuates nociceptive behaviors in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Brain Res. 1996;715:51–62.CrossRefPubMed Qian J, Brown SD, Carlton SM. Systemic ketamine attenuates nociceptive behaviors in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Brain Res. 1996;715:51–62.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Susuki R, Matthews EA, Dickenson AH. Comparison of the effects of MK801, ketamine and memantine on responses of spinal dorsal horn neurons in a rat model of mononeuropathy. Pain. 2001;91:101–9.CrossRef Susuki R, Matthews EA, Dickenson AH. Comparison of the effects of MK801, ketamine and memantine on responses of spinal dorsal horn neurons in a rat model of mononeuropathy. Pain. 2001;91:101–9.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Swartjes M, Morariu A, Niesters M, Aarts L, Dahan A. Nonselective and NR2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonists produce antinociception and long-term relief of allodynia in acute and neuropathic pain. Anesthesiology. 2011;115:165–74.CrossRefPubMed Swartjes M, Morariu A, Niesters M, Aarts L, Dahan A. Nonselective and NR2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonists produce antinociception and long-term relief of allodynia in acute and neuropathic pain. Anesthesiology. 2011;115:165–74.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Holtman Jr JR, Crooks PA, Johnson-Hardy JK, Hojomat M, Kleven M, Wala EP. Effects of norketamine enantiomers in rodent models of persistent pain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008;90:676–85.CrossRefPubMed Holtman Jr JR, Crooks PA, Johnson-Hardy JK, Hojomat M, Kleven M, Wala EP. Effects of norketamine enantiomers in rodent models of persistent pain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008;90:676–85.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Laskowski K, Stirling A, McKay WP, Lim HJ. A systematic review of intravenous ketamine for postoperative analgesia. Can J Anaesth. 2011;58:911–23.CrossRefPubMed Laskowski K, Stirling A, McKay WP, Lim HJ. A systematic review of intravenous ketamine for postoperative analgesia. Can J Anaesth. 2011;58:911–23.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Stannard CF, Porter GE. Ketamine hydrochloride in the treatment of phantom limb pain. Pain. 1993;54:227–30.CrossRefPubMed Stannard CF, Porter GE. Ketamine hydrochloride in the treatment of phantom limb pain. Pain. 1993;54:227–30.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Eide PK, Jørum E, Stubhaug A, Bremnes J, Breivik H. Relief of post-herpetic neuralgia with the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonist ketamine: a double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo. Pain. 1994;58:347–54.CrossRefPubMed Eide PK, Jørum E, Stubhaug A, Bremnes J, Breivik H. Relief of post-herpetic neuralgia with the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonist ketamine: a double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo. Pain. 1994;58:347–54.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Schwartzman RJ, Alexander GM, Grothusen JR, Paylor T, Reichenberger E, Perreault M. Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a double-blind placebo controlled study. Pain. 2009;147:107–15.CrossRefPubMed Schwartzman RJ, Alexander GM, Grothusen JR, Paylor T, Reichenberger E, Perreault M. Outpatient intravenous ketamine for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: a double-blind placebo controlled study. Pain. 2009;147:107–15.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Sigtermans MJ, van Hilten JJ, Bauer MCR, Arbous MS, Marinus J, Sarton EY, Dahan A. Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Pain. 2009;145:304–11.CrossRefPubMed Sigtermans MJ, van Hilten JJ, Bauer MCR, Arbous MS, Marinus J, Sarton EY, Dahan A. Ketamine produces effective and long-term pain relief in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Pain. 2009;145:304–11.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Dahan A, Olofsen E, Sigtermans M, Noppers I, Niesters M, Aarts L, Bauer M, Sarton E. Population pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling of ketamine-induced pain relief of chronic pain. Eur J Pain. 2011;15:258–67.CrossRefPubMed Dahan A, Olofsen E, Sigtermans M, Noppers I, Niesters M, Aarts L, Bauer M, Sarton E. Population pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling of ketamine-induced pain relief of chronic pain. Eur J Pain. 2011;15:258–67.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Kapural L, Kapural M, Bensitel T, Sessler DI. Opioid-sparing effect of intravenous outpatient ketamine infusions appears short-lived in chronic-pain patients with high opioid requirements. Pain Physician. 2010;13:389–94.PubMed Kapural L, Kapural M, Bensitel T, Sessler DI. Opioid-sparing effect of intravenous outpatient ketamine infusions appears short-lived in chronic-pain patients with high opioid requirements. Pain Physician. 2010;13:389–94.PubMed
19.
go back to reference Webster LR, Walker MJ. Safety and efficacy of prolonged outpatient ketamine infusions for neuropathic pain. Am J Ther. 2006;13:300–5.CrossRefPubMed Webster LR, Walker MJ. Safety and efficacy of prolonged outpatient ketamine infusions for neuropathic pain. Am J Ther. 2006;13:300–5.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Patil S, Anitescu M. Efficacy of outpatient ketamine infusions in refractory chronic pain syndromes: a 5-year retrospective analysis. Pain Med. 2012;13:263–9.CrossRefPubMed Patil S, Anitescu M. Efficacy of outpatient ketamine infusions in refractory chronic pain syndromes: a 5-year retrospective analysis. Pain Med. 2012;13:263–9.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Corell GE, Maleki J, Gracely EJ, Muir JJ, Harbut RE. Subanesthetic ketamine infusion therapy: a retrospective analysis of a novel therapeutic approach to complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Med. 2004;5:263–75.CrossRef Corell GE, Maleki J, Gracely EJ, Muir JJ, Harbut RE. Subanesthetic ketamine infusion therapy: a retrospective analysis of a novel therapeutic approach to complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Med. 2004;5:263–75.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Goldberg ME, Torjman MC, Schwartzman RJ, Mager DE, Wainer IW. Pharmacodynamic profiles of ketamine (R)- and (S)- with five day inpatient infusion for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Physician. 2010;13:3793–87. Goldberg ME, Torjman MC, Schwartzman RJ, Mager DE, Wainer IW. Pharmacodynamic profiles of ketamine (R)- and (S)- with five day inpatient infusion for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome. Pain Physician. 2010;13:3793–87.
23.
go back to reference Kiefer RT, Rohr P, Ploppa A, Dieterich HJ, Grothusen J, Koffler S, Altemeyer KH, Unertl K, Schwartzman RJ. Efficacy of ketamine in anesthetic dosage for the treatment of refractory complex regional pain syndrome: an open-label phase II study. Pain Med. 2008;9:1173–201.CrossRefPubMed Kiefer RT, Rohr P, Ploppa A, Dieterich HJ, Grothusen J, Koffler S, Altemeyer KH, Unertl K, Schwartzman RJ. Efficacy of ketamine in anesthetic dosage for the treatment of refractory complex regional pain syndrome: an open-label phase II study. Pain Med. 2008;9:1173–201.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Chung WJ, Pharo GH. Successful use of ketamine infusion in the treatment of intractable cancer pain in an outpatient. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007;33:2–5.CrossRefPubMed Chung WJ, Pharo GH. Successful use of ketamine infusion in the treatment of intractable cancer pain in an outpatient. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007;33:2–5.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Kiefer RT, Rohr P, Ploppa A, Nohé B, Dieterich HJ, Grothusen J, Altemeyer KH, Unertl K, Schwartzman RJ. A pilot open-label study of the efficacy of subanesthetic isomeric S(+)-ketamine in refractory CRPS patients. Pain Med. 2008;9:44–54.CrossRefPubMed Kiefer RT, Rohr P, Ploppa A, Nohé B, Dieterich HJ, Grothusen J, Altemeyer KH, Unertl K, Schwartzman RJ. A pilot open-label study of the efficacy of subanesthetic isomeric S(+)-ketamine in refractory CRPS patients. Pain Med. 2008;9:44–54.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Farsi L, Afshari K, Keshavarz M, NaghibZadeh M, Memari F, Norouzi-Javidan A. Post-injury treatment with magnesium sulfate attenuates neuropathic pains following spinal cord injury in male rats. Behav Pharmacol. 2015;26:315–20.CrossRefPubMed Farsi L, Afshari K, Keshavarz M, NaghibZadeh M, Memari F, Norouzi-Javidan A. Post-injury treatment with magnesium sulfate attenuates neuropathic pains following spinal cord injury in male rats. Behav Pharmacol. 2015;26:315–20.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Dubray C. Magnesium increases morphine analgesic effect in different experimental models of pain. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:627–32.CrossRefPubMed Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Dubray C. Magnesium increases morphine analgesic effect in different experimental models of pain. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:627–32.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Dubray C. Magnesium and MK-801 have a similar effect in two experimental models of neuropathic pain. Brain Res. 2000;887:436–9.CrossRefPubMed Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Dubray C. Magnesium and MK-801 have a similar effect in two experimental models of neuropathic pain. Brain Res. 2000;887:436–9.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y, Dubray C. Role of spinal NMDA receptors, protein kinase C and nitric oxide synthase in the hyperalgesia induced by magnesium deficiency in rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2001;134:1227–36.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Begon S, Pickering G, Eschalier A, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y, Dubray C. Role of spinal NMDA receptors, protein kinase C and nitric oxide synthase in the hyperalgesia induced by magnesium deficiency in rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2001;134:1227–36.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Ulugol A, Aslantas A, Ipci Y, Tuncer A, Hakan Karadag C, Dokmeci I. Combined systemic administration of morphine and magnesium sulfate attenuates pain-related behavior in mononeuropathic rats. Brain Res. 2002;943:101–4.CrossRefPubMed Ulugol A, Aslantas A, Ipci Y, Tuncer A, Hakan Karadag C, Dokmeci I. Combined systemic administration of morphine and magnesium sulfate attenuates pain-related behavior in mononeuropathic rats. Brain Res. 2002;943:101–4.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Crosby V, Wilcock A, Corcoran R. The safety and efficacy of a single dose (500 mg or 1 g) of intravenous magnesium sulfate in neuropathic pain poorly responsive to strong opioid analgesics in patients with cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;19:35–9.CrossRefPubMed Crosby V, Wilcock A, Corcoran R. The safety and efficacy of a single dose (500 mg or 1 g) of intravenous magnesium sulfate in neuropathic pain poorly responsive to strong opioid analgesics in patients with cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;19:35–9.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Mauskop A, Altura BT, Cracco RQ, Altura BM. Intravenous magnesium sulphate relieves migraine attacks in patients with low serum ionized magnesium levels: a pilot study. Clin Sci (Lond). 1995;89:633–6.CrossRef Mauskop A, Altura BT, Cracco RQ, Altura BM. Intravenous magnesium sulphate relieves migraine attacks in patients with low serum ionized magnesium levels: a pilot study. Clin Sci (Lond). 1995;89:633–6.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Tramer MR, Schneider J, Marti RA, Rifat K. Role of magnesium sulfate in postoperative analgesia. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:340–7.CrossRefPubMed Tramer MR, Schneider J, Marti RA, Rifat K. Role of magnesium sulfate in postoperative analgesia. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:340–7.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Pickering G, Morel V, Simen E, Cardot JM, Moustafa F, Delage N, Picard P, Eschalier S, Boulliau S, Dubray C. Oral magnesium treatment in patients with neuropathic pain: a randomized clinical trial. Magnes Res. 2011;24:28–35.PubMed Pickering G, Morel V, Simen E, Cardot JM, Moustafa F, Delage N, Picard P, Eschalier S, Boulliau S, Dubray C. Oral magnesium treatment in patients with neuropathic pain: a randomized clinical trial. Magnes Res. 2011;24:28–35.PubMed
35.
go back to reference Vučković SM, Savić Vujović KR, Srebro DP, Medić BM, Vučetić CS, Prostran MŠ, Prostran MŠ. Synergistic interaction between ketamine and magnesium in lowering body temperature in rats. Physiol Behav. 2014;127:45–53.CrossRefPubMed Vučković SM, Savić Vujović KR, Srebro DP, Medić BM, Vučetić CS, Prostran MŠ, Prostran MŠ. Synergistic interaction between ketamine and magnesium in lowering body temperature in rats. Physiol Behav. 2014;127:45–53.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Jabbour HJ, Naccache NM, Jawish RJ, Abou Zeid HA, Jabbour KB, Rabbaa-Khabbaz LG, Ghanem IB, Yazbeck PH. Ketamine and magnesium association reduces morphine consumption after scoliosis surgery: prospective randomised double-blind study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2014;58:572–9.CrossRefPubMed Jabbour HJ, Naccache NM, Jawish RJ, Abou Zeid HA, Jabbour KB, Rabbaa-Khabbaz LG, Ghanem IB, Yazbeck PH. Ketamine and magnesium association reduces morphine consumption after scoliosis surgery: prospective randomised double-blind study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2014;58:572–9.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Stessel B, Ovink JK, Theunissen HM, Kessels AG, Marcus MA, Gramke H. Is S-ketamine with or without magnesium sulphate an alternative for postoperative pain treatment? Randomised study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013;30:91–3.CrossRefPubMed Stessel B, Ovink JK, Theunissen HM, Kessels AG, Marcus MA, Gramke H. Is S-ketamine with or without magnesium sulphate an alternative for postoperative pain treatment? Randomised study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013;30:91–3.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Bouhassira D, Attal N, Alchaar H, Boureau F, Brochet B, Bruxelle J, et al. Comparison of pain syndromes associated with nervous or somatic lesions and development of a new neuropathic pain diagnostic questionnaire (DN4). Pain. 2005;114:29–36.CrossRefPubMed Bouhassira D, Attal N, Alchaar H, Boureau F, Brochet B, Bruxelle J, et al. Comparison of pain syndromes associated with nervous or somatic lesions and development of a new neuropathic pain diagnostic questionnaire (DN4). Pain. 2005;114:29–36.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Cleeland CS, Ryan KM. Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1994;23:129–38.PubMed Cleeland CS, Ryan KM. Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1994;23:129–38.PubMed
40.
go back to reference Melzack R. The McGill Pain Questionnaire: from description to measurement. Anesthesiology. 2005;103:199–202.CrossRefPubMed Melzack R. The McGill Pain Questionnaire: from description to measurement. Anesthesiology. 2005;103:199–202.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Hurst H, Bolton J. Assessing the clinical significance of change scores recorded on subjective outcome measures. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27:26–35.CrossRefPubMed Hurst H, Bolton J. Assessing the clinical significance of change scores recorded on subjective outcome measures. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27:26–35.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Bouhassira D, Attal N, Fermanian J, Alchaar H, Gautron M, Masquelier E, et al. Development and validation of the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory. Pain. 2004;108:248–57.CrossRefPubMed Bouhassira D, Attal N, Fermanian J, Alchaar H, Gautron M, Masquelier E, et al. Development and validation of the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory. Pain. 2004;108:248–57.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–70.CrossRefPubMed Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–70.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Ware Jr JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473–83.CrossRefPubMed Ware Jr JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473–83.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Buysse DJ, Reynolds 3rd CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193–213.CrossRefPubMed Buysse DJ, Reynolds 3rd CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193–213.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Martin E, Sorel M, Morel V, Marcaillou F, Picard P, Delage N, Tiberghien F, Crosmary MC, Najjar M, Colamarino R, Créach C, Lietar B, Brumauld de Montgazon G, Margot-Duclot A, Lorio M.A, Narjoz C, Lambert C, Pereira B, Pickering G. Oral dextromethorphan or memantine in ketamine-responder patients: a randomized controlled trial in refractory neuropathic pain. Anesthesia Analgesia 2017; (submitted). Martin E, Sorel M, Morel V, Marcaillou F, Picard P, Delage N, Tiberghien F, Crosmary MC, Najjar M, Colamarino R, Créach C, Lietar B, Brumauld de Montgazon G, Margot-Duclot A, Lorio M.A, Narjoz C, Lambert C, Pereira B, Pickering G. Oral dextromethorphan or memantine in ketamine-responder patients: a randomized controlled trial in refractory neuropathic pain. Anesthesia Analgesia 2017; (submitted).
48.
49.
go back to reference Felsby S, Nielsen J, Arendt-Nielsen L, Jensen TS. NMDA receptor blockade in chronic neuropathic pain: a comparison of ketamine and magnesium chloride. Pain. 1995;64:283–91.CrossRef Felsby S, Nielsen J, Arendt-Nielsen L, Jensen TS. NMDA receptor blockade in chronic neuropathic pain: a comparison of ketamine and magnesium chloride. Pain. 1995;64:283–91.CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Gottrup H, Bach FW, Juhl G, Jensen TS. Differential effect of ketamine and lidocaine on spontaneous and mechanical evoked pain in patients with nerve injury pain. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:527–36.CrossRefPubMed Gottrup H, Bach FW, Juhl G, Jensen TS. Differential effect of ketamine and lidocaine on spontaneous and mechanical evoked pain in patients with nerve injury pain. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:527–36.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Kim YH, Lee PB, Oh TK. Is magnesium sulfate effective for pain in chronic postherpetic neuralgia patients comparing with ketamine infusion therapy? J Clin Anesth. 2015;27:296–300.CrossRefPubMed Kim YH, Lee PB, Oh TK. Is magnesium sulfate effective for pain in chronic postherpetic neuralgia patients comparing with ketamine infusion therapy? J Clin Anesth. 2015;27:296–300.CrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference Brill S, Sedgwick PM, Hamann W, Di Vadi PP. Efficacy of intravenous magnesium in neuropathic pain. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:711–4.CrossRefPubMed Brill S, Sedgwick PM, Hamann W, Di Vadi PP. Efficacy of intravenous magnesium in neuropathic pain. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:711–4.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Cheong YK, Kim TY, Lee JH. The trial of continuous intravenous infusion of magnesium in patients with postherpetic neuralgia refractory in conventional treatment. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2006;50:361–4.CrossRef Cheong YK, Kim TY, Lee JH. The trial of continuous intravenous infusion of magnesium in patients with postherpetic neuralgia refractory in conventional treatment. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2006;50:361–4.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Kroenke K, Outcalt S, Krebs E, Bair MJ, Wu J, Chumbler N, Yu Z. Association between anxiety, health-related quality of life and functional impairment in primary care patients with chronic pain. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2013;35:359–65.CrossRefPubMed Kroenke K, Outcalt S, Krebs E, Bair MJ, Wu J, Chumbler N, Yu Z. Association between anxiety, health-related quality of life and functional impairment in primary care patients with chronic pain. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2013;35:359–65.CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Irwin SA, Iglewicz A, Nelesen RA, Lo JY, Carr CH, Romero Lloyd LS. Daily oral ketamine for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients receiving hospice care: a 28-day open-label proof-of-concept trial. J Palliat Med. 2013;16:958–65.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Irwin SA, Iglewicz A, Nelesen RA, Lo JY, Carr CH, Romero Lloyd LS. Daily oral ketamine for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients receiving hospice care: a 28-day open-label proof-of-concept trial. J Palliat Med. 2013;16:958–65.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
go back to reference Zarate CA, Singh JB, Carlson PJ, Brutsche NE, Ameli R, Luckenbaugh DA, Charney DS, Manji HK. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:856–64.CrossRefPubMed Zarate CA, Singh JB, Carlson PJ, Brutsche NE, Ameli R, Luckenbaugh DA, Charney DS, Manji HK. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:856–64.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Effect of ketamine combined with magnesium sulfate in neuropathic pain patients (KETAPAIN): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors
Noémie Delage
Véronique Morel
Pascale Picard
Fabienne Marcaillou
Bruno Pereira
Gisèle Pickering
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2254-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Trials 1/2017 Go to the issue