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Journal of Hematology & Oncology
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Metastasis | Review

Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor metastasis: biological roles and clinical therapeutic applications

Authors: Yuxin Lin, Jianxin Xu, Huiyin Lan

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Tumor metastasis is a major contributor to the death of cancer patients. It is driven not only by the intrinsic alterations in tumor cells, but also by the implicated cross-talk between cancer cells and their altered microenvironment components. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the key cells that create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by producing cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and triggering the inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins release in T cells. In doing so, TAMs exhibit important functions in facilitating a metastatic cascade of cancer cells and, meanwhile, provide multiple targets of certain checkpoint blockade immunotherapies for opposing tumor progression. In this article, we summarize the regulating networks of TAM polarization and the mechanisms underlying TAM-facilitated metastasis. Based on the overview of current experimental evidence dissecting the critical roles of TAMs in tumor metastasis, we discuss and prospect the potential applications of TAM-focused therapeutic strategies in clinical cancer treatment at present and in the future.
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Metadata
Title
Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor metastasis: biological roles and clinical therapeutic applications
Authors
Yuxin Lin
Jianxin Xu
Huiyin Lan
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Metastasis
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0760-3

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