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BioPsychoSocial Medicine
Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Research

Pilot study of a basic individualized cognitive behavioral therapy program for chronic pain in Japan

Authors: Hiroki Hosogoshi, Kazunori Iwasa, Takaki Fukumori, Yuriko Takagishi, Yoshitake Takebayashi, Tomonori Adachi, Yuki Oe, Yukino Tairako, Yumiko Takao, Hiroyuki Nishie, Ayako Kanie, Masaki Kitahara, Kiyoka Enomoto, Hirono Ishii, Issei Shinmei, Masaru Horikoshi, Masahiko Shibata

Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Chronic pain is a major health problem, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is its recommended treatment; however, efforts to develop CBT programs for chronic pain and assess their feasibility are remarkably delayed in Asia. Therefore, we conducted this pilot study to develop a basic individualized CBT for chronic pain (CBT-CP) and assessed its feasibility for use in Japan.

Methods

Our study was an open-labeled before–after trial without a control group conducted cooperatively in five Japanese tertiary care hospitals. Of 24 outpatients, 15, age 20–80, who experienced chronic pain for at least three months were eligible. They underwent an eight-session CBT-CP consisting of relaxation via a breathing method and progressive muscle relaxation, behavioral modification via activity pacing, and cognitive modification via cognitive reconstruction. The EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire five level (EQ5D-5 L) assessment as the primary outcome and quality of life (QOL), pain severity, disability, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms as secondary outcomes were measured using self-administered questionnaires at baseline, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted.

Results

Effect size for EQ5D-5 L score was medium from baseline to post-treatment (Hedge’s g = − 0.72, 90% confidence interval = − 1.38 to − 0.05) and up to the 3-month follow-up (g = − 0.60, CI = − 1.22 to 0.02). Effect sizes for mental and role/social QOL, disability, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms were medium to large, although those for pain severity and physical QOL were small. The dropout rate was acceptably low at 14%. No severe adverse events occurred.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that CBT-CP warrants a randomized controlled trial in Japan.

Trial registration

University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000020880. Registered on 04 February 2016.
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Metadata
Title
Pilot study of a basic individualized cognitive behavioral therapy program for chronic pain in Japan
Authors
Hiroki Hosogoshi
Kazunori Iwasa
Takaki Fukumori
Yuriko Takagishi
Yoshitake Takebayashi
Tomonori Adachi
Yuki Oe
Yukino Tairako
Yumiko Takao
Hiroyuki Nishie
Ayako Kanie
Masaki Kitahara
Kiyoka Enomoto
Hirono Ishii
Issei Shinmei
Masaru Horikoshi
Masahiko Shibata
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BioPsychoSocial Medicine / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1751-0759
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00176-w

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