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Published in: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation | Review

Beyond the target area: an integrative view of tDCS-induced motor cortex modulation in patients and athletes

Authors: Edgard Morya, Kátia Monte-Silva, Marom Bikson, Zeinab Esmaeilpour, Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Jr, Andre Fonseca, Tommaso Bocci, Faranak Farzan, Raaj Chatterjee, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado, André Russowsky Brunoni, Eva Mezger, Luciane Aparecida Moscaleski, Rodrigo Pegado, João Ricardo Sato, Marcelo Salvador Caetano, Kátia Nunes Sá, Clarice Tanaka, Li Min Li, Abrahão Fontes Baptista, Alexandre Hideki Okano

Published in: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique used to modulate neural tissue. Neuromodulation apparently improves cognitive functions in several neurologic diseases treatment and sports performance. In this study, we present a comprehensive, integrative review of tDCS for motor rehabilitation and motor learning in healthy individuals, athletes and multiple neurologic and neuropsychiatric conditions. We also report on neuromodulation mechanisms, main applications, current knowledge including areas such as language, embodied cognition, functional and social aspects, and future directions. We present the use and perspectives of new developments in tDCS technology, namely high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) which promises to overcome one of the main tDCS limitation (i.e., low focality) and its application for neurological disease, pain relief, and motor learning/rehabilitation. Finally, we provided information regarding the Transcutaneous Spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS) in clinical applications, Cerebellar tDCS (ctDCS) and its influence on motor learning, and TMS combined with electroencephalography (EEG) as a tool to evaluate tDCS effects on brain function.
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Metadata
Title
Beyond the target area: an integrative view of tDCS-induced motor cortex modulation in patients and athletes
Authors
Edgard Morya
Kátia Monte-Silva
Marom Bikson
Zeinab Esmaeilpour
Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Jr
Andre Fonseca
Tommaso Bocci
Faranak Farzan
Raaj Chatterjee
Jeffrey M. Hausdorff
Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado
André Russowsky Brunoni
Eva Mezger
Luciane Aparecida Moscaleski
Rodrigo Pegado
João Ricardo Sato
Marcelo Salvador Caetano
Kátia Nunes Sá
Clarice Tanaka
Li Min Li
Abrahão Fontes Baptista
Alexandre Hideki Okano
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1743-0003
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0581-1

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